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100 Events in Twentieth Century World History Berkeley Undergraduates Really Should K
100 Events in Twentieth Century World History Berkeley Undergraduates Really Should Know...
By: Brad DeLong's Grasping Reality RE: https://delong.typepad.com/sdj/2009/...hould-now.html If I am limited to 100, are these the right 100? What other events do you think belong--and which ones would you remove to make space for the ones you prefer? Yes, they will be on the exam. Year Key Events: 1896 William Jennings Bryan [D] loses U.S. election to William McKinley [R] 1896 Large-scale gold mining in South Africa's Witwatersrand 1899 Start of the Boer War 1901 Assassination of McKinley; Theodore Roosevelt becomes President of the United States 1905 U.S. Supreme Court decides Lochner case: Constitution held to enact Herbert Spencers's “social statics” 1910 Start of Mexican Revolution 1911 Overthrow of the Qing Dynasty; declaration of the Chinese Republic 1912 Theodore Roosevelt splits Republican Party; Woodrow Wilson [D] elected President of the United States 1914 Start of World War I: France, Britain, Italy (from 1915), Russia (until 1917), and America (from 1917) vs. Germany, Austria, Turkey 1917 Kerensky's Russian Revolution 1917 Lenin's Russian Revolution in October (really November) 1918 End of World War I; overthrow of the German Emperor (“Kaiser”); establishment of the “Weimar Republic” 1919 Communist uprising in Germany: “Spartikist Rebellion” 1919 Treaty of Versailles to settle affairs after World War I 1919 Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1921 Lenin adopts the “New Economic Policy”: a small-scale return to the market 1922 Mussolini marches on Rome; establishes first fascist regime 1923 French and Belgian troops occupy Germany's Ruhr Valley to try to force reparations payments 1923 End of German hyperinflation: $1 = 4,000,000,000,000 RM 1923 German World War I General Erich Ludendorff and Adolf Hitler attempt coup--”Beer Hall Putsch” 1924 Death of Lenin 1925 Death of Sun Yatsen 1925 Great Britain returns to the gold standard 1926 General Strike in Great Britain 1927 Chiang Kaishek's Kuomintang double-crosses his Communist allies; massacres in Shanghai 1927 Stalin expels Trotsky, Zinoviev, and Kamenev from the Communist Party 1928 Chiang Kaishek launches “Northern Expedition” 1928 Launching of first Five Year Plan in the Soviet Union 1929 Drive to “collectivize” agriculture in the Soviet Union: start of terror-famine in the Ukraine 1929 The Wall Street stock market crash; start of the Great Depression 1930 Gandhi's “Salt March” 1931 German Social Democratic Party rejects proposals to plan a “New Deal” for Germany 1932 Election of Franklin Delano Roosevelt in the United States 1933 Adolf Hitler becomes the last Chancellor of Germany's Weimar Republic 1933 Worst year of the Great Depression 1934 Start of Mao Zedong's “Long March” 1935 Franklin Delano Roosevelt proposes and congress passes the Social Security Act 1935 Franklin Delano Roosevelt proposes and congress passes the National Labor Relations Act 1936 Francisco Franco attempts to overthrow Spanish Republic: start of Spanish Civil War 1937 U.S. Supreme Court surprisingly declares NLRA constitutional: “the switch in time that saved nine” 1937 Marco Polo Bridge “incident”; start of World War II in Asia 1939 Final victory by Franco in Spanish Civil War 1939 Start of World War II in Europe; Nazi Soviet pact; Nazi invasion of Poland 1940 Fall of Denmark, Norway, France to Nazis 1941 Nazi invasion of Soviet Union 1941 Imperial Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor 1942 “The End of the Beginning”: Battles of Midway, Guadalcanal, El Alamein, “Operation Torch”, and—most of all--”Operation Uranus”: Stalingrad 1944 Bretton Woods conference: agreement to found the IMF and World Bank 1945 Yalta and Potsdam Conferences shape post-World War II world; Germany partitioned 1945 Labour Party first wins majority in British House of Commons 1945 Death of Franklin Delano Roosevelt; Harry S Truman becomes President of the United States 1945 U.S. atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki 1947 Harry S Truman begins the Cold War with the “Truman Doctrine” 1947 Britain grants independence to India and Pakistan 1947 George Marshall proposes the “Marshall Plan” 1948 Stalinist coup in Czechoslovakia 1948 Stalin expels Yugoslavia from the Cominform 1949 Proclamation of the People's Republic of China 1950 Stalin slips Kim Il Sung's leash: the Korean War begins 1951 Treaty of Paris creates the European Coal and Steel Community 1954 U.S. Supreme Court decides Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, KS 1956 Death of Khrushchev's "Secret Speech" denouncing Joseph Stalin 1956 Israel, France, and Britain attack Egypt 1956 Hungarian revolt against the Soviet Union 1957 Treaty of Rome creates the European Economic Community of “the six” 1958 Mao Zedong launches Great Leap forward 1959 Lushan Plenum in China: “Disgrace” of Marshal Peng Dehuai 1961 Construction of Berlin Wall 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis 1963 Assassination of John F. Kennedy; Lyndon Johnson becomes President of the United States 1964 Civil Rights Act in the United States 1964 Overthrow of Nikita Khrushchev; replacement by Leonid Brezhnev 1964 Gulf of Tonkin “incident” off coast of Vietnam 1964 Barry Goldwater runs for President on a non-RINO platform: destruction of Republican congressional power 1965 Lyndon Johnson uses overwhelming congressional majorities for Medicare, Medicaid, Voting Rights Act 1965 Overthrow of Sukarno in Indonesia; massacres of Indonesian Communists (and many others); rise of Suharto 1966 Mao Zedong launches Cultural Revolution 1973 First “Oil Shock”: Syria and Egypt attack Israel on Yom Kippur 1974 Resignation of U.S. President Richard Nixon 1975 Fall of South Vietnam 1975 Indira Gandhi declares “emergency” 1975 Death of Mao Zedong 1978 The “Southern Expedition” of Deng Xiaoping 1979 Margaret Thatcher becomes Prime Minister of Great Britain 1979 Khomeini's Iranian Revolution 1981 Ronald Reagan becomes President of the United States 1982 The “Volcker Deflation”: deepest post-World War II global recession (until now) 1985 Mikhail Gorbachev comes to power in the Soviet Union: “glasnost” and “perestroika” 1985 Rajiv Gandhi takes first steps toward dismantling the License Raj 1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall 1989 Tien an Men Square massacre 1991 End of the Soviet Union 1993 William J. Clinton becomes President of the United States—only the second Democratic president since 1968 1993 U.S., Canada, and Mexico ratify NAFTA 1994 Mexican peso crisis 1998 East Asian financial crisis 1999 Vladimir Putin becomes Acting President of the Russian Federation 2000 Collapse of the dot-com bubble 2001 George W. Bush becomes President of the United States 2008 Failures of Bear Stearns, Lehman Brothers, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, AIG; start of largest post-World War II economic recession
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Boats O Almighty Lord God, who neither slumberest nor sleepest; Protect and assist, we beseech thee, all those who at home or abroad, by land, by sea, or in the air, are serving this country, that they, being armed with thy defence, may be preserved evermore in all perils; and being filled with wisdom and girded with strength, may do their duty to thy honour and glory; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. "IN GOD WE TRUST" |
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