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SS Montebello
SS Montebello
Two weeks after the attack on Pearl Harbor, a Japanese submarine shot a torpedo at the oil tanker SS Montebello, just off the California coast, sinking the ship and sending 3 million gallons of crude to the ocean bottom. All 38 people on board were rescued in what remains an overlooked chapter of World War II — it was one of several attacks by Japanese and German forces on the U.S. mainland during the war. The Montebello set out from Port San Luis, California, on Dec. 22, 1941, bound for a refinery in Canada with fresh crude. For seven decades the SS Montebello has sat mostly intact 900 feet (274 meters) below the surface with what experts believe could be a hull full of oil. A mission to see how much of the oil remains in the hold of the 440-foot (134.11-meter) ship launches this week to help officials determine how to prevent the crude from leaking and marring the celebrated central California coastline. Crew member Richard Quincy said it was the second such trip they had taken and had been warned that Japanese submarines were in the area. The torpedo hit the ship's bow, which cracked off when the Montebello hit the ocean floor. Quincy recalled a small spark of light as though someone had turned on a flashlight, an explosion that threw water up over the bridge, and then the ship began to sink from the torpedo hit. Quincy, a 92-year-old former merchant mariner now living in Danville, California is the last remaining survivor from the sinking of the Montebello six miles off the coast of Cambria. "Eventually, something has to be done," said Andrew Hughan, a spokesman with California Fish and Game. "If 3 million gallons of oil made its way to the beaches in front of Hearst Castle it would be a disaster for the area." Divers along with a remotely-operated underwater vehicle will begin their assessment Wednesday and take samples, a process that is expected to take as many as 12 days. The vehicle will drill and later seal a 1-inch (2.54-centimeter) diameter hole into some of the tanks to take samples that will be analyzed by scientists. While it's possible the oil leaked out over the past decades, officials say it's likely crude remains in the hull. By this point, the oil is so old that it likely has the consistency of peanut butter, said U.S. Coast Guard spokesman Adam Eggers. "No one knows what 70-year-old oil does," he said. "It's 40 degrees down there. Is it going to rise to the surface, warm up and liquefy or it is going to be a rock?" The Montebello, meanwhile, has been sitting upright ever since. Murky pictures from previous dives show a ship partially covered in a thick coat of barnacles, starfish and marine debris. Few knew about the Montebello's fate even immediately after it sank. Fearing a mass panic that the Japanese had gotten so close to shore, the government confiscated newspaper reports about the sinking at the time and did not publicly disclose the event even into the Cold War, said Eggers. In fact, Japanese submarines operated along the U.S. West Coast, although they did not sink the large numbers of ships that German U-boats claimed along the East Coast and Gulf of Mexico. In addition to the Montebello, two other tankers were sunk on the coast off Oregon and Crescent City, California. For his part, Quincy said he intends on keeping an eye on what the mission uncovers. He's seen past videos that panned over the ship and even spotted the area where he had been standing when they were hit. "It'll be interesting to see just how much the damage there was and where it was and all that," he said. "It would bring back a lot of memories. It was a wild night."
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