The Patriot Files

Timeline of Alexander the

David — Fri, 09 Sep 2005 15:51:20 -0700

by: David

Description: Timeline of Alexander the Great

Coin commemorating Alexan

David — Fri, 09 Sep 2005 15:48:18 -0700

by: David

Description: Coin commemorating Alexander's campaigns in India, struck in Babylon around 323 BC. Obv: Alexander standing, being crowned by Nike, fully armed and holding Zeus' thunderbolt. Rev: Greek rider, possibly Alexander, attacking an Indian battle-elephant, possibly fleeing Porus.

Map of empire of Alexande

David — Fri, 09 Sep 2005 15:46:53 -0700

by: David

Description: Map of empire of Alexander the Great

Bust of Alexander III in

David — Fri, 09 Sep 2005 15:45:13 -0700

by: David

Description: Bust of Alexander III in the British Museum.

Alexander the Great fight

David — Fri, 09 Sep 2005 15:44:18 -0700

by: David

Description: Alexander the Great fighting the Persian king Darius (Pompeii mosaic, from a 3rd century BC original Greek painting, now lost).

Alexander the Great battl

David — Fri, 09 Sep 2005 15:28:33 -0700

by: David

Description: Alexander the Great battling Darius at the Battle of Issus. Pompei mosaic, 1st century CE.

Black Hawk

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:33:28 -0700

by: David

Description: 1767 - 1838 Black Hawk was a Native American chief of the Sauk Tribe. He was a fierce warrior noted for his struggle against the encroachment of white settlers upon ancestral lands. Black Hawk was born in what is now Rock River, Illinois. In 1804, the Sauk and Fox tribes agreed to give up their lands east of the Mississippi, but Black Hawk refused to sign the contract maintaining the other chiefs had been given liquor before they signed the documents. Black Hawk's band of warriors broke away from the other members of the Sauk and Fox tribes and for a time joined the British against the Americans. Eventually he and his followers were forced to retreat to the reservation established near Ft. Des Moines. His surrender marked the end of Native American held land in the Illinois region. Black Hawk died on the reservation on October 31,1838.

John Ross

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:32:13 -0700

by: David

Description: 1790-1866 John Ross was a chief of the Cherokees from 1828 to 1866. His father was white and his mother was white and Cherokee. It was during the presidency of Andrew Jackson that the effort to move the Cherokee from their eastern homeland to Indian Territory, now called Oklahoma began in earnest. Chief Ross tried to resist the pressure by appealing to the courts but to no avail. In the winter of 1838 Chief Ross was forced to lead his people to Indian Territory. Thousands of Cherokee died along the way. This journey was called the "Trail of Tears".

Osceola

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:30:46 -0700

by: David

Description: 1804 - 1838 Osceola, a Creek, was born in what is now eastern Alabama. He joined the Seminole tribe during the Second Seminole War from 1835 -1842. The Seminoles were fighting against the United States army in their attempt to move the Seminoles from their homeland. During the earliest part of the Second Seminole War, Osceola and his warriors defeated the United States troops in several battles. In1837, Osceola met under a flag of truce to discuss peace but General Jesup had him imprisoned instead. Osceola died soon afterward. Many people were outraged by General Jesup's actions and the army's reputation fell as a result.

Sitting Bull

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:29:18 -0700

by: David

Description: Sitting Bull

Sitting Bull

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:26:40 -0700

by: David

Description: Sitting Bull (Sioux: Tatanka Iyotake or Tatanka Iyotanka orTa-Tanka I-Yotank, born Hunkesni, Slow), (c. 1831 ? December 15, 1890) was a Native American shaman and leader of the Hunkpapa Sioux, who led 3,500 Sioux and Cheyenne warriors against the US 7th Cavalry under George Armstrong Custer at the Battle of Little Bighorn on June 25, 1876. Though he did not participate personally in the battle, the chiefs were spurred on by a dream that Sitting Bull had in which a group of American soldiers tumbled into his encampment. Blamed for the ensuing massacre, Sitting Bull led his tribe into Canada, where they lived until 1881, when on July 20 he led the last of his fugitive people in surrender to United States troops at Fort Buford in Montana. The US government, however, had granted him amnesty. In later life, Sitting Bull toured with Buffalo Bill Cody's Wild West Show, where he was a popular attraction. Often asked to address the audience, he frequently cursed them in his native Lakota language to the wild applause of his listeners. Toward the end of his life, Sitting Bull was drawn to the mystical Ghost Dance as a way of repelling the white invaders from his people's land. Although he himself was not a follower, this was perceived as a threat by the American government, and a group of Indian police was sent to arrest him. In the ensuing scuffle, Sitting Bull and his son Crow Foot were killed.

Tecumseh

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:24:01 -0700

by: David

Description: 1768 - 1813 Tecumseh, whose name means Shooting Star, was the son of a Shawnee chief. He became an outstanding leader during the 1700 and 1800's. He helped to organize eastern tribes into an alliance against invasion onto their lands. Tecumseh was a skillful fighter as well as a great motivator often traveling among the various planning strategies and boosting morale. Tecumseh was not in favor of a treaty proposed by William Henry Harrison, then governor of the Indian Territory. This disagreement led to the Battle of Tippecanoe in November of 1811. Seeking other allies Tecumseh and his followers then joined forced forces with the British in hopes of holding onto their land in the was with the American in 1812. It's around this that Tecumseh was killed in battle.

Geronimo

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:21:16 -0700

by: David

Description: 1829 - 1909 Geronimo was a famous Chiricahau Apache warrior who led attacks on settlers and soldiers in the southwestern United States and Mexico during the mid 1800's. Geronimo whose name means the smart one was born in what is now New Mexico. Beginning in the mid 1800's, the United States government began moving Apaches to San Carlos Reservation in Arizona. Geronimo and others soon escaped the reservation and fought against army troops as well as settlers until captured in 1880. In 1882, Geronimo and his followers again escaped the reservation and began many raids on both sides of the United States - Mexico border. In 1883 Geronimo and his band surrendered to General George Crook who had been pursuing him since his escape from the reservation. After several more escapes and recaptures Geronimo is moved to Fort Sill, Oklahoma in 1894 where he lived out the remaining years of his life.

Manuelito

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:19:56 -0700

by: David

Description: 1818 - 1893 Manuelito was a Navajo chief who played an important role in the Navajo resistance to settlers taking over their land. In 1860, Manielito helped to lead an attack on Fort Defiance in what is today the state of Arizona. After several other skirmishes U.S. troops led by Kit Carson forced thousands of Navajos to surrender. Manuelito was not captured but surrendered in 1866. In 1868, the United States government established a reservation for the Navajo in what is now part of Arizona, New Mexico and Utah.

Joseph Brant

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:18:29 -0700

by: David

Description: 1742 - 1807 Joseph Brant, born Thayebdanegea, was a Mohawk chief who was born in what is now called the state of Ohio. During his youth he joined the British in their fight against the French. It was during this time he was befriended by a British general by the name of Sir William Johnson. As a result he was sent to the Eleazer Wheelock in Connecticut, and became a Christian. Until the war began Brant served as a missionary among his own people and translated the Episcopal Prayer Book and part of the New Testament into Mohawk. During the Revolutionary War in America he led many raids against American settlers and soldiers causing great damage.

Red Cloud

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:16:41 -0700

by: David

Description: 1822 - 1909 Red Cloud an Oglala Sioux chief is regarded as one of the greatest of the Native American warriors. Red Cloud fought to keep settlers out of the Sioux's territory, which are today Montana, South Dakota and Wyoming. During the 1860's gold was discovered in Montana along Bozeman Trail. This trail crossed an important hunting area for the Sioux. Red Cloud and his braves began to attack travelers who came along the trail. In 1860, the U.S. army built three forts, one in Wyoming and two in Montana to protect travelers and thus keep the trail open. Red Cloud and his allies kept both forts under attack for almost two years. In 1868, the army agreed to close the three forts and not build any more roads through Sioux territory. Because of this victory Red Cloud has the distinction of being the only Native American chief to win a war against the U.S. government.

Chief Joseph

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:15:14 -0700

by: David

Description: 1840 - 1904 Chief Joseph, is believed to have been born in the 1840's was a Nez Perce chief who became famous for a retreat he led in 1877. In June of 1877, the United States army ordered the Nez Perce to leave their homeland in the Wallowa Valley of Oregon to a reservation in Idaho. The government wanted to open the land to white settlers. Chief Joseph and his braves won several battles against the governments soldiers but realizing his forces could never defeat such forces by themselves retreated toward the Canadian border where he hoped to join forces with the Sioux who had fled there. Chief Joseph and his braves were able to fight off government soldiers while retreating more than 1,000 miles. In October of 1877, Chief Joseph with his braves, women, children and elderly surrendered less than 40 miles from the U.S. - Canadian border. After being sent to the Indian Territory in Oklahoma in 1878 he spent his final years on the Colville Reservation in Washington.

Ten Bears

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:10:34 -0700

by: David

Description: Ten Bears

Wichita matron

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:05:40 -0700

by: David

Description: Wichita matron

Hupa woman

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:04:25 -0700

by: David

Description: Hupa woman

Hupa man

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:03:52 -0700

by: David

Description: Hupa man

East Mesa girl

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:02:13 -0700

by: David

Description: East Mesa girl

Hopi woman

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 04:00:32 -0700

by: David

Description: Hopi woman

Hesquiat belle

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:56:07 -0700

by: David

Description: Hesquiat belle

Suqitlaa man

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:55:10 -0700

by: David

Description: Suqitlaa man

Clayoquot maiden

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:54:40 -0700

by: David

Description: Clayoquot maiden

Nootka man

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:54:14 -0700

by: David

Description: Nootka man

A Nootka belle

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:53:46 -0700

by: David

Description: A Nootka belle

Nakoaktok warrior

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:50:44 -0700

by: David

Description: Nakoaktok warrior

Tsawatenok girl

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:50:15 -0700

by: David

Description: Tsawatenok girl

Kekuhtlala (Koeksotenok)

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:49:52 -0700

by: David

Description: Kekuhtlala (Koeksotenok)

Hoh man

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:48:52 -0700

by: David

Description: Hoh man

Chimakum woman

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:48:18 -0700

by: David

Description: Chimakum woman

Quinault female

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:47:33 -0700

by: David

Description: Quinault female

Cowichan warrior head-dre

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:47:04 -0700

by: David

Description: Cowichan warrior head-dress

Quinault woman

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:46:09 -0700

by: David

Description: Quinault woman

Cowichan woman

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:45:35 -0700

by: David

Description: Cowichan woman

Lahkeudup (Skokomish)

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:45:12 -0700

by: David

Description: Lahkeudup (Skokomish)

Shoalwater Bay man

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:44:52 -0700

by: David

Description: Shoalwater Bay man

Cowichan warrior

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:44:19 -0700

by: David

Description: Cowichan warrior

Wishham man

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:42:51 -0700

by: David

Description: Wishham man

Wishham female

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:42:30 -0700

by: David

Description: Wishham female

Spidis (Wishham)

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:42:04 -0700

by: David

Description: Spidis (Wishham)

Tamlaitk (Namnit)

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:41:46 -0700

by: David

Description: Tamlaitk (Namnit)

Chinook female

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:40:53 -0700

by: David

Description: Chinook female

Cayuse woman

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:40:29 -0700

by: David

Description: Cayuse woman

Cayuse matron

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:40:09 -0700

by: David

Description: Cayuse matron

Cayuse man

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:39:48 -0700

by: David

Description: Cayuse man

Umatilla child

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:39:17 -0700

by: David

Description: Umatilla child

Nez Perce warrior

David — Sun, 07 Aug 2005 03:38:50 -0700

by: David

Description: Nez Perce warrior