David
Sat January 3, 2004 9:38pm
Rating: 10
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Su-25 Frogfoot
Function: Dedicated Close Air Support (CAS) ground attack fighter.
History: Introduced in 1980, the Su-25 Frogfoot was the first dedicated ground attack aircraft produced by the Soviet Union since the World War Two era propeller driven Il-2 Shturmovik. drawing heavily on lessons learned by the American Air Force during the vietnam war, and mirroring the performance of the American A-10 Warthog, the Frogfoot is a rugged aircraft capable of accuratly delivering a heavy payload from low altitude and surviving in the low level, high threat forward area environment. Though the Sukhoi Design Bureau originally sought to rely on speed to survive, it was determined that increased speed reduced the low level battlefield effectiveness of the aircraft. In short, if the aircraft was to perform its job effectivly, it would have to be capable of operating at low speeds; speed would be sacrificed for low speed maneuverability and heavy armor.
After several design changes, the first prototypes were approved in 1980. The first production Frogfoots were equipped with twin multi-fuel non afterburning turbojet engines, a twin barreled internally mounted 30mm cannon, titanium armor around the pilot and control surfaces, and foam filled, non-explosive self sealing fuel cells. The Su-25 was equipped with eleven underwing and under body hard points, was capable of delivering 4000 kilograms (8,818 pounds) of ordnance and could be operated off of unimproved dirt strips.
Following combat experience in Afganistan, an improved version, the Frogfoot-B, was fielded in 1984. The B model was a production modified version of the two seat Frogfoot-A trainer. The second seat was removed, as was the internal gun, and additional fuel, armor, and avionics were installed, in addition to an improved 30mm cannon, mounted in an external pod. In addition, the Frogfoot's lack of all weather, night time capability was addressed by incorperating a Forward Looking Infra Red (FLIR) low light navigation system as well as a TV camera and laser designator, spot tracker and rangefinding package.
Although the Frogfoot has been out of production for a number of years, it still remains in front line service with Russia's Frontal Aviation as well as many export nations, including Iraq.
General Characteristics, Su-25 Frogfoot
Designer:
Sukhoi Design Bureau
Power Plant:
Two MNPK Tumanskii R-195 turbojets
Thrust:
9,921 pounds thrust each
Length:
15.53 meters (50 feet, 11.5 inches)
Height:
4.80 meters (15 feet, 9 inches)
Wingspan:
14.36 m (47 feet, 1.4 inches)
Speed:
950 kmh (590 mph) at sea level
Date Deployed:
1980
Ceiling:
7,000 meters (22,965 feet)
Weight:
9,800 kilograms (21,605 pounds) empty
Maximum Takeoff Weight:
18,600 kilograms (41,005 pounds)
Range:
Combat radius 495 kilometers (308 miles)
Crew:
One
Armament:
One AO-17A 30-mm twin barreled cannon
4,000 kilograms (8,818 pounds) of external ordinance including missiles, rockets, gravity bombs, and guided munitions carried on 11 hardpoints
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David
Sat January 3, 2004 9:38pm
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Su-34 Flanker
Function: Tactical fighter bomber.
History: Developed in the late 1980's as a variant to the Su-27 Flanker B, the Su-27IB (or Su-34) is a new tactical fighter bomber intended to replace the aging fleet of Russian Su-17, Su-24, and MiG-27 attack aircraft currently in service. Based on the Su-27UB two seat in line trainer, the Su-34 first flew in April of 1990 with the first purpose built tandem side by side seat prototype flying in December of 1993.
Description: As a strike aircraft, the Su-34 incorperates an advanced multi-function phased array radar capable of terrain following and avoidance for high speed, low level operations. In addition, the Su-34 features a rearward facing radar capqable of detecting, tracking, and directing R-73 or R-77 AAMs at persuing enemy aircraft. In addition to its capabilities as a strike aircraft, a version is being fielded to replace the Su-24MR for service as a tactical reconnaissance aircraft (similar in function to the RC-4 Phantom II) and airborne electronic warfare (similar to the EF-111 Raven). This version will incorperate sideways looking radar, signal gathering and classification equipment, television, infrared, laser and photographic abilities into a single, fully integrated package. The Su-34 is currently entering service with the Russian Airforce with Naval and export versions under development.
General Characteristics, Su-34 Flanker
Designer:
Sukhoi Design Bureau
Power Plant:
Two Lyulka AL-31MF afterburning turbofans
Thrust:
29,320 pounds each
Length:
21.94 meters (71.98 feet)
Height:
5.93 meters (19.45 feet)
Wingspan:
14.7 meters (48.22 feet)
Speed:
2,500 kmh (1,553 mph) at 30,000 feet
1,400 kmh (870 mph) at sea level
Ceiling:
18,000 meters (59,055 feet)
Weight:
23,249 kilograms (51,257 pounds) empty
Maximum Takeoff Weight:
44,359 kilograms (97,796 pounds)
Range:
4,000 kilometers (2,485 miles) on internal fuel; capable of in-flight refueling
Crew:
Two
Armament:
One GSh-30-1 30mm internally mounted cannon with 225 rounds of ammunition
17,635 pounds (8,000 kilograms) of external ordinance including missiles, rockets, gravity bombs, and guided munitions carried on 11 hardpoints
Date Deployed:
1997
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David
Sat January 3, 2004 9:38pm
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Su-37 Flanker
Function: Multi role air superiority, ground attack fighter.
Description: Developed as an improved version of the basic Su-27 Flanker designed, the Su-37 is based on the Su-35 airframe but with thrust vectoring nozzles to give it unsurpassed maneuverability. In addition to providing more power than previous engines, the engines on the Su-37 utilize steerable nozzles which can vector the engine thrust through +/- 15 degrees of travel in the vertical axis. This thrust vectoring is fully intigrated with the aircraft's flight control systems, and requires no input or manipulation by the pilot. In the event of a system failure, an emergency system will return the nozzles to their normal position. Other modifications to the Su-37 include improved offensive and defensive avionics, an improved pulse doppler phased array radar in the nose as well as the rearward facing radar already present on the Su-34 and 35.
General Characteristics, Su-37 Flanker
Designer:
Sukhoi Design Bureau
Power Plant:
Two Lyulka AL-37FU vectored thrust afterburning turbofans
Thrust:
30,855 pounds each
Length:
21.94 meters (71.98 feet)
Height:
6.84 meters (22.44 feet)
Wingspan:
15.16 meters (49.73 feet)
Speed:
2,440 kmh (1,516 mph) at 30,000 feet
Ceiling:
18,000 meters (59,055 feet)
Weight:
18,400 kilograms (40,565 pounds) empty
Maximum Takeoff Weight:
33,999 kilograms (74,956 pounds)
Range:
3,500 kilometers (2,175 miles)
Crew:
One
Armament:
One GSh-30-1 30mm internally mounted cannon with 150 rounds of ammunition
8,200 kilograms (18,075 pounds) of external ordinance including missiles, rockets, gravity bombs, and guided munitions carried on 11 hardpoints
Date Deployed:
Still under development
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David
Sat January 3, 2004 10:02pm
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SA-2 Guideline
Function: Provide medium to high altitude 360 degree coverage against single aircraft or small groups of aircraft.
Description: Designed as a replacement for the SA-1 fixed installation surface to air missile (SAM) system, the SA-2 is capable of defending fixed installations as well as mobile field forces. In addition, while the SA-1's field of fire was limited, the SA-2 has 360 degrees of coverage, though it is only capable of engaging one target at a time. Though the deployment pattern may vary, there are always six launching positions per site, generally centered around a guidance radar and accessible by roads to facilitate reloading and servicing. The SA-2 was deployed in the Soviet Union to protect military facilities and airfields, as well as civilian population centers with more than 200,000 citizens. Additionally, the SA-2 say service with Soviet military forces in Germany, and was distributed to the Warsaw Pact beginning in 1960. Though it is mobile, the lag time associated with setting up and displacing an SA-2 site precludes its following a fluid front. Rather, the SA-2 would be used to defend unit headquarters, logistic centers, and theater assembly areas.
The SA-2 is a medium to high altitude two stage surface to air missile dependent on radar command guidance and armed with either a 15kt nuclear or a 195kg fragmentation warhead, each with contact, proximity or command detonation capability. The booster is a solid rocket propellant motor fitted with four large fins. The second stage is equipped with a storable liquid propellant sustainer motor and three sets of fins, a large set of four is mounted in the mid section, a smaller set of power control fins is mounted at the base, and an even smaller set of fixed fins is mounted on the nose. The warhead is mounted in the second stage forward of the large fins. At medium and low altitude the kill radius is 65 meters and the blast radius is 100-120 meters, which compensates for the missile's 75 meter circle of accuracy. At high altitude the blast radius is 250 meters.
An SA-2 battalion consists of 6 launchers, a command post fire control team and fire direction computer, a Fan Song missile control radar, P-12 Spoon Rest early warning search radar and typically 6 reloads. Typically the launchers will placed in a hexagonal pattern with all the command and control elements placed in the center of the hexagon. The Spoon Rest A-band radar has a range of 275 km and the Fan Song fire control and tracking radar has a range of 60-120km (A/B versions) or 70-145 km (C/E/F versions), depending on altitude, target type, and operating conditions. China produces its own version of the SA-2 designated HQ-1 and HQ-2) as does Egypt (designated Tayir as Sabah).
General Characteristics, SA-2 GUIDELINE Surface to Air Missile
Propulsion:
Booster; solid, sustainment; liquid (inhibited red fuming nitric acid oxidizer and kerosene)
Length:
34.7 feet (10.6 meters)
Diameter:
27.5 inches (70 centimeters)
Weight Fully Armed:
5,070 pounds (2,300 kilograms)
Maximum Range:
35 kilometers (B/F models), 44 kilometers (C model), 50 kilometers (D/E models)
Minimum Range:
7-9 kilometers
Fuzing:
Impact, proximity, command detonated
Ceiling:
27 kilometers (B/C/F models), 40 kilometers (D/E models)
Speed:
Mach 4 (B/C/D models) Mach 4.5 (E/F models)
Guidance System:
Command
Warhead:
195 kilograms internally grooved fragmentation, 15 kilotons yield nuclear
Rate of Fire:
Three missiles per target but limited to one target at a time
Introduction Date:
1959
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David
Sat January 3, 2004 10:02pm
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SA-6 Gainful
Function: Low altitude, forward deployed, mobile radar guided surface to air missile.
Description: The SA-6 is a low altitude surface to air missile dependent on radio command guidance immediately after launch and switching to semi-active radar homing in the terminal phase. In the event of jamming or radar shut down the SA-6 may be guided optically and acquire its target after launch. The SA-6 is a two-stage missile armed with a 56kg fragmentation warhead, with contact and proximity detonation capability.
The first stage of the missile is a solid rocket motor located inside the main body, near the tail fins. When this motor expends its fuel, it is ejected out of the tail and the cavity created by its absence becomes the combustion chamber for a ramjet sustainer. Ramjets are technically simple and relatively fuel efficient, allowing good performance and range. The rocket booster is needed to get the missile up to a speed that allows sufficient airflow to sustain combustion in the ramjet.
An SA-6 battery consists of four launchers, each armed with 3 missiles, a command vehicle equipped with a STRAIGHT FLUSH fire control radar, and missile reloads carried on modified 6x6 wheeled vehicles. The STRAIGHT FLUSH radar is capable of acquiring targets at 75km and can begin tracking and target illumination at 28km. The radar can only track a single target at a time, but can guide three missiles at a time. Normal practice is to volley fire a number of missiles from one or more launchers at each target to better ensure target destruction.
At the Regimental level a LONG TRACK target acquisition radar may be used to acquire and track targets at high altitude. While the STRAIGHT FLUSH radar is capable of engaging targets detected by the LONG TRACK radar at low altitude (via target data hand off) the SA-6 is dependent upon the LONG TRACK for target tracking and guidance at higher altitudes. When electronically guided the SA-6 has a minimum altitude of 100m and 80m when optically guided. The SA-6 is highly mobile and can be displaced to a new location within 15 minutes after system shut down.
Martin D. King contributed to this file.
General Characteristics, SA-6 GAINFUL Surface to Air Missile
Propulsion:
Booster and sustainment stages; solid rocket propellant
Length:
18.7 feet (5.7 meters)
Diameter:
13.2 inches (33.5 centimeters)
Weight Fully Armed:
1,320 pounds (599 kilograms)
Maximum Range:
24 kilometers
Minimum Range:
3 kilometers
Minimum Height:
100 meters (STRAIGHT FLUSH)
80 meters (Optical)
Fuzing:
Impact, proximity, missile armed after 50 meters of forward travel
Ceiling:
12 kilometers
Speed:
Mach 2.8
Guidance System:
Radio command, semi-active radar in terminal phase
Warhead:
56 kilograms fragmentation
Rate of Fire:
Three missiles per target but limited to one target at a time
Introduction Date:
1966
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David
Sat January 3, 2004 10:02pm
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SA-10 Grumble
Function: Low to high altitude, mobile radar guided surface to air missile capable of engaging multiple targets.
Description: The SA-10 was designed to defeat massed aircraft raids at any altitude and represents a serious improvement over previous theater SAM systems in that it can engage multiple aircraft at different altitudes, is low altitude capable, can engage targets with a low radar cross section, such as stealth aircraft, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or cruise missiles, as well as tactical ballistic missiles. Though its primary purpose is the defense of large military complexes and population centers, the SA-10b is a mobile system and is capable of being forwardly deployed on the battlefield and is capable of engaging targets within 5 minutes of vehicle emplacement.
The SA-10 is a low to high altitude vertically launched single stage surface to air missile utilizing track via missile guidance. The FLAP LID radar is capable of engaging six targets simultaneously and can assign two missiles to each target. The SA-10 is armed with a 100 kilogram fragmentation warhead (a low yield tactical nuclear warhead is also possible) with proximity detonation capability. An SA-10 battalion consists of a battery command post and fire direction center, a CLAM SHELL three dimensional continuous wave pulse Doppler target acquisition radar, a FLAP LID A multifunction phased array engagement radar and up to twelve semitrailer erector-launchers, each armed with four tubular missile launcher-containers. A Regimental sized unit will have three battalions as well as the BIG BIRD long range three dimensional surveillance and tracking radar. The SA-10 is capable of engaging targets at any altitude between 25 and 30,000 meters and can engage high altitude targets beyond 90 kilometers. In forested environments the FLAP LID radar can be deployed on a special trailer mounted 24.4 meter extendable platform, which increases the low altitude engagement range from 32 kilometers to 43 kilometers.
General Characteristics, SA-10 GRUMBLE Surface to Air Missile
Propulsion:
Single stage air fired, solid rocket propellant
Length:
24.6 feet (7.5 meters)
Diameter:
19.7 inches (50 centimeters)
Weight Fully Armed:
3,968.3 pounds (1,800 kilograms)
Maximum Range:
90+ kilometers
Maximum Altitude:
25 meters
Fuzing:
Proximity
Ceiling:
30,000 meters
Speed:
Mach 5.6
Guidance System:
Track via missile
Warhead:
100 kilograms fragmentation
Rate of Fire:
Two missiles per target up to six targets
Introduction Date:
1980
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David
Sat January 3, 2004 10:02pm
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SA-8 Gecko
Function: Low altitude, forward deployed, mobile radar guided surface to air missile.
Description: The SA-8 is a low altitude single stage surface to air missile dependent on radar command guidance. The LAND ROLL radar is capable of aquiring targets at 30km and can begin tracking targets at 20 - 25km. Two seperate missile guidance radars are used (with off set frequencies to reduce the effectiveness of Electronic Counter Measure (ECM) activity)and each can guide a single missile. In the event of jamming or radar shut down the SA-8 may track targets optically. The SA-8 is armed with a 19kg fragmentation warhead with contact and proximity detonation capability.
An SA-8 battery consists of two launch vehicles, each armed with 6 missiles, and two transload vehicles with eighteen missile reloads. The lethal radius of the SA-8 at low altitude is 5 meters. The SA-8 is highly mobile, fully amphibious,air transportable, and can be displacing to a new location within 4 minutes after system shut down.
General Characteristics,SA-8 GECKO Surface to Air Missile
Propulsion:
Single stage solid rocket propellant
Length:
10.4 feet (3.1 meters)
Diameter:
8.2 inches (20.96 centimeters)
Weight Fully Armed:
286.6 pounds (130 kilograms)
Maximum Range:
15 kilometers
Minimum Range:
1500 meters
Minimum Altitude:
25 meters
Fuzing:
Impact, proximity
Ceiling:
5 kilometers
Speed:
Mach 2.4
Guidance System:
Radar command
Warhead:
19 kilograms fragmentation
Rate of Fire:
Three missiles per target but limited to one target at a time
Introduction Date:
1980
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David
Sat January 3, 2004 10:15pm
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BMP-1 APC
Function: Soviet Union's first tracked Armored Personnel Carrier.
Description: The BMP-1 is a tracked, amphibious, fully enclosed armored personnel carrier armed with a 73mm smoothbore cannon, one 7.62mm coaxial machine gun and the AT-3 SAGGER antitank guided missile (ATGM). The BMP-1 represents a significant improvement over the wheeled BTR series in all aspects, including mobility, firepower, and survivability. Fielded in 1966, the BMP-1 has been modified to serve as a common chassis for a number of additional vehicle types. No longer in production, the BMP-1 has been surpassed by the BMP-2 and 3 in both service in the Russian army as well as export abroad.
General Characteristics, BMP-1 Armored Personnel Carrier
Transmission:
Manual with five forward gears and one reverse
Engine:
6 cylinder diesel engine producing 290 horsepower
Length:
22 feet (6.7 meters)
Width:
9 feet (2.74 meters)
Height:
7 feet (2.13 meters)
Combat Weight:
14 tons
Cruising Range:
372 miles (600 kilometers)
Speed:
Maximum: 40 mph (65 kph), or 45 mph (70 kph) for limited periods
Cross Country: 28 mph (45 kph)
Obstacle Crossing:
Trench: 8.2 feet (2.5 meters)
Slope: 31 degrees
Crew:
Three: driver, gunner and commander (who serves as squad leader when the the infantry squad dismounts)
Armament:
Main: 73mm 2A20 smoothbore cannon
Secondary: One AT-3 SAGGER ATGM, one 7.62mm PKT coaxial machine gun
Ammunition:
40 73mm cannon rounds (fin stabilized HEAT only)
2,000 7.62mm machine gun rounds
Introduction Date:
1966
Variants:
BMP-A: Also known as the Model 1966, this was the original version of the BMP. It has a shorter bow compared to its successor, the BMP-1 and does not have a Nuclear, Biological, Chemical (NBC) protection system.
BMP-1: Also known as the Model 1976 this was the base production model from which all variants were designed.
BMP-1K: The command variant of the BMP-1. It differed from the BMP-1 in that it carried additional communications equipment and had the rifle firing ports welded shut. In addition the troop compartment was redesigned to accommodate folding tables and map charts. Can be used as a battalion level command vehicle.
BMP-1P: The AT-3 SAGGER ATGM has been replaced by the AT-4 SPIGOT ATGM. Additionally, smoke grenade launchers have been mounted on the turret rear.
BMP-1PK: Command variant of the BMP-1P. Similar to the BMP-1K, it has additional communications equipment and has been modified to serve as a command vehicle. BMP-R: Also known as the BRM, BRM-1 and BMP M1976, this variant serves as a cavalry recon vehicle. The turret is larger and has had ATGM launcher removed. The back deck of the hull has been redesigned with two smaller hatches rather than the four large ones found on the BMP-1.
BRM-1K: Also known as the BMP M1976/2 this variant is based off of the BRM-1 with the PSNR-5K (NATO designation TALL MIKE) battlefield surveillance radar mounted in the rear section of the turret. Also included in the vehicle's sensor package are the DKRM-1 laser rangefinder, ARRS-1 location device, IMP mine detector and 1PN33B night vision devices. For navigation the BRM-1K uses the TNA-1, IG11N gyro-compass and the 1T25 survey device.
BMP KShM: Also known as the BMP M1978 it is a heavily modified BMP-1K with additional communications gear and a telescoping radio antenna for increased transmission range.
BMP-SON: Also known as the PRP-3, this is a BMP-1 modified to serve as an artillery reconnaissance and fire support vehicle. The turret has been redesigned to include two forward opening crew hatches equipped with observation periscopes as well as a large spotting optics. A large telescoping optical device is mounted on the left rear corner of the turret. The 73mm gun has been removed and replaced by a 7.62mm machine gun. Mounted on the rear of the vehicle is the SMALL FRED (NATO designation) battlefield surveillance radar. As with the command variants, the BMP-SON has an augmented communications package. The BMP-SON has a crew of 5.
PRP-4: This is essentially an upgraded and improved version of the PRP-3 (BMP-SON). Externally, the only difference is an additional fairing on the right side of the turret.
IRM: Amphibious Engineer Reconnaissance Vehicle. Based on the BMP-1, it uses the BMP-1 engine and suspension in a new hull design. Designed to perform specialized engineer missions such as mine detection and river bottom reconnaissance the IRM has two retractable mine detection devices mounted low on the bow and rapidly deployable snorkel. The IRM is propelled through the water via two shrouded propellers.
BMP-PPO: A heavily modified BMP-1 designed to serve as a mobile training center. The turret has been removed and eight roof mounted cupolas each equipped with a TNPO-170 and type MK-4 observation device, have been installed for trainees under instruction.
OT-90: Czechoslovakian version of the BMP-1. The turret has been replaced with the standard Czechoslovakian APC turret, equipped with a 14.5mm machine gun and a 7.62mm machine gun, found on the OT-64 8x8 wheeled APC.
BVP-1: Czechoslovakian produced BMP-1.
DP-90: Maintenance/recovery version of the OT-90.
MP-31: Air defense version of the BMP-KShM mobile command post.
MU-90: Mine laying version of the OT-90. The turret has been removed and the opening covered by sheet steel.
SVO: Mine clearing version of the BMP-1. The turret has been removed and a hedgehog type launcher has been installed in the troop compartment.
VPV: Maintenance/recovery version of the BMP-1. The turret and troop hatches have been removed and a crane has been installed on the roof of the troop compartment.
VP-90: Reconnaissance version of the OT-90. Similar to the BMP-R in all other respects.
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David
Sat January 3, 2004 10:24pm
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Alpha Class Nuclear Attac
Function: Nuclear powered attack submarine.
History: The K.377 class (or zolotaya ruba, meaning "Golden Fish") nuclear attack submarine (SSN) was initiated in 1957 as a purpose built carrier battle group "interceptor." Designated Project 705, the Lyra was built to wait in port until offshore sensors detected the approach of enemy carrier battlegroups, at which time the crew would board the submarine and, vectored toward the approaching enemy fleet by ground controllers, make a high speed attack run using 53cm torpedoes. To meet these requirements, the submarine had to be fast, which in turn, required it to be small and powerful. To this end, everything was sacrificed in the name of reducing the hull's "wetted" area (that portion of the submarine in contact with the water), displaced weight and maximizing the its power output. To save on weight the reactor was designed to run automatically and sealed off from the rest of the ship by a single bulkhead. To increase power, a design cooled by liquid metal (sodium) was selected over a more conventional water cooled model. Because the Pr. 705 would not be used for extended patrols at sea, many of its systems were automated, and the crew was slashed to 29-43 officers. Lastly, in order to improve diving depth and reduce weight, a revolutionary titanium alloy was used in constructing the hull.
Unfortunately, the technology required to fabricate titanium on such a scale did not exist at the time and it was not until 1965 that the design was ready for production. Furthermore, by the time the Pr. 705 submarines were ready for production, the primary threat to the Soviet Union, and the whole reason for the class' existence, had shifted from the carrier battlegroup to the ballistic missile submarine. Nonetheless, production continued and eventually 7 submarines were built. Hated by the Soviet Navy as well as the crews aboard them, the 705's were so obsolete by the time they entered service that there was never any serious indication that they would ever be deployed. Because their automated systems were susceptible to damage by exposure to radiation the reactor systems were unreliable and it is believed that 4 of the 7 suffered reactor failures. Eventually the submarines were deemed to dangerous to be tolerated and all were pulled from service by 1995. Roughly equivalent to the American 1957 USS Seawolf (the only American submarine to use a liquid metal reactor) in design philosophy, by the time they were launched the Lyra I class submarines were hopelessly outclassed by current American SSNs.
General Characteristics, Lyra I Class
Builders:
Admiralty Yard, Leningrad Sevmashpredpriyatiye, Severodvinshk
Power Plant:
One BM-40A or OK.550 rated at 155 Megawatts, one OK.7 steam turbine, one shaft with one VRSh-5 controllable pitch screw, 47,000 shaft horsepower
Length, Overall:
260.8 feet (79.5 meters)
Beam:
31.2 feet (9.5 meters)
Draft:
22.6 feet (6.9 meters)
Displacement:
4,320 tons submerged
Speed:
43 knots submerged
Crew:
29 - 43 Officers
Maximum Safe Diving Depth:
1,150 feet
Armament:
Six bow mounted 53cm torpedo tubes
53-65K torpedoes
SET-65 torpedoes
Sensors:
Accord combat direction system
Leningrad-705 fire control system
Radar:
One MRK.50 Topol surface search radar
One Sozh navigation radar
Sonar:
One Okean active/passive sonar suite
One MG-24 Luch mine detection sonar
Countermeasures:
Bukhta ESM/ECM system
Two MG-74 Korund noise simulation decoys
One Yenisei sonar intercept reciever
Khrom-KM IFF system
Ships:
K.377, commissioned 1972, suffered reactor accident during sea trials, dismantled immediatly thereafter.
K.316, commissioned 1979, reactor destroyed in 1982 when coolant solidified. Dismantled in 1985.
K.373, commissioned in 1978, suffered reactor meltdown. Hull cut in half and forward half used as experimental test bed.
K.123, launched in 1977, liquid metal coolant contaminated engine compartment in 1982. New engine compartment installed and submarine was finally comissioned in 1991. Redesignated B.123, served as a floating pier until decommissioned in 1995.
K.432, commissioned in 1982, struck a whale during sea trials. Repairs completed in 1988 but never recommissioned. Dismantled in 1993.
K.463, commissioned in 1982, suffered unspecified reactor accident. Engine compartment decontaminated and a VM-4 conventional water cooled plant from a Pr. 671B submarine installed sometime after 1986. Served as a test bed until scrapped in 1994.
K.493, commissioned in 1983, was re-engined with a VM-4 conventional water cooled plant and served as a training ship for submariners. Reactor has since been removed and hull is awaiting scrapping in St. Petersburg.
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David
Sat January 3, 2004 10:35pm
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AOE - Combat Supply Ships
Function: High-speed vessel, designed as oiler, ammunition and supply ship.
Description: The fast combat support ship (AOE) is the Navy's largest combat logistics ship. The AOE has the speed and armament to keep up with the carrier battle groups. It rapidly replenishes Navy task forces and can carry more than 177,000 barrels of oil, 2,150 tons of ammunition, 500 tons of dry stores and 250 tons of refrigerated stores. It receives petroleum products, ammunition and stores from shuttle ships and redistributes these items simultaneously to carrier battle group ships. This reduces the vulnerability of serviced ships by reducing alongside time. Congress appropriated the funds for the lead ship of the AOE 6 (Supply class) in 1987.
General Characteristics, Sacramento Class
Cost:
$458-568 million
Builders:
AOE 1, 3, 4 - Puget Sound Naval Shipyard
AOE 2 - New York Shipbuilding
Date Deployed:
March 14, 1964 - USS Sacramento (AOE-1)
$458-568 million
Power Plant:
Four GE LM2500 gas-turbines; two shafts; 105,000 horsepower
Length, Overall:
793 feet (241.71 meters)
Beam:
107 feet (32.61 meters)
Displacement:
53,000 long tons (53,850.55 metric tons) full load
Speed:
26+ knots (29.92+ miles, 48.15 km, per hour)
Crew:
24 officers, 576 enlisted
Armament:
NATO Sea Sparrow missiles
Two Phalanx close-in weapons systems
Aircraft:
Two UH-46E Sea Knight helicopters
Ships:
USS Sacramento (AOE-1), Bremerton, WA
USS Camden (AOE-2), Bremerton, WA
USS Seattle (AOE-3), Earle, NJ
USS Detroit (AOE-4), Earle, NJ
General Characteristics, Supply Class
Builders:
National Steel and Shipbuilding Co., San Diego, CA
Date Deployed:
February 26, 1994 - USS Supply (AOE-6)
Power Plant:
Four boilers, geared turbines, two shafts, 100,000 shaft horsepower
Length, Overall:
793 feet (241.71 meters)
Beam:
107 feet (32.61 meters)
Displacement:
48,800 long tons (49,583.15 metric tons) full load
Speed:
25 knots (28.77+ miles per hour, 46.30 km per hour)
Crew:
40 officers, 627 enlisted
Armament:
NATO Sea Sparrow missiles
Two Phalanx close-in weapons systems
Two 25mm machine guns
Aircraft:
Three UH-46E Sea Knight helicopters
Ships:
USS Supply (AOE-6), Earle, NJ
USS Rainer (AOE-7), Bremerton, WA
USS Arctic (AOE-8), Earle, NJ
USS Bridge (AOE-10), Bremerton, WA
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David
Sat January 3, 2004 10:35pm
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AS - L.Y. Spear Class Sub
Function: Submarine Tenders furnish maintenance and logistic support for nuclear attack submarines.
History: The L.Y. Spear class is designed and fitted to accommodate attack submarines and can service up to four submarines moored alongside simultaneously. The Simon Lake class was configured especially to service ballistic missile submarines, the last of this class was decommissioned June 25, 1999.
Description: Submarine tenders are the largest of the active auxiliaries. Their crews are made up mostly technicians and repair personnel.
General Characteristics, L.Y. Spear Class
Builders:
Lockheed Shipbuilding & Construction Company (AS-39 through AS-41)
Date Deployed:
July 7, 1979 (USS Emory S. Land)
Power Plant:
Two boilers, geared turbines, one shaft, 20,000 shaft horsepower
Length, Overall:
644 feet (196.30 meters)
Beam:
85 feet (25.91 meters)
Displacement:
Approximately 23,493 long tons (23,870.02 metric tons) full load
Speed:
20 knots (23.02 miles, 37.05 km, per hour)
Crew:
97 officers, 1,266 enlisted
Armament:
Two 40mm guns
Four 20mm guns
Aircraft:
None
Ships:
USS Emory S. Land (AS-39), La Maddalena, Italy
USS Frank Cable (AS-40), Guam
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David
Sat January 3, 2004 10:35pm
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T-AH - Mercy Class Hospit
Function: Two hospital ships operated by Military Sealift Command are designed to provide emergency, on-site care for U.S. combatant forces deployed in war or other operations.
History: Both hospital ships are converted San Clemente-class super tankers. Mercy was delivered in 1986 and Comfort in 1987. Normally, the ships are kept in a reduced operating status in Baltimore, MD, and San Diego, CA, by a small crew of civilian mariners and active duty Navy medical and support personnel. Each ship can be fully activated and crewed within five days. Mercy went to the Philippines in 1987 for a humanitarian mission. Both ships were used during Operation Desert Shield/Storm. Comfort twice operated during 1994 ? once for Operation Sea Signal's Cuban/Haitian migrant interdiction operations, and a second time supporting U.S. forces and agencies involved in Haiti and Operation Uphold Democracy. In 1998, Comfort participated in exercise Baltic Challenge '98, a multinational exercise involving 11 European nations and the United States to improve cooperation in peace support operations.
Description: USNS Mercy (T-AH 19) and USNS Comfort (T-AH 20) each contain 12 fully-equipped operating rooms, a 1,000 bed hospital facility, radiological services, medical laboratory, a pharmacy, an optometry lab, a cat scan and two oxygen producing plants. Both vessels have a helicopter deck capable of landing large military helicopters, as well as side ports to take on patients at sea.
General Characteristics, Mercy Class
Builders:
National Steel and Shipbuilding Co., San Diego, CA
Power Plant:
Two GE turbines; two boilers; 24,500 hp (18.3MW); one shaft
Length, Overall:
894 feet (272.6 meters)
Beam:
105.6 feet (32.2 meters)
Displacement:
69,360 tons (70,473.10 metric tons) full load
Speed:
17.5 knots (20.13 mph)
Crew:
63 civilian mariners, 956 Naval medical staff, and 258 Naval support staff
Aircraft:
Helicopter platform only
Ships:
USNS Mercy (T-AH 19)
USNS Comfort (T-AH 20)
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David
Sat January 3, 2004 10:35pm
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T-ACS - Experimental Cran
Function: The auxiliary crane ships are Military Sealift Command Ready Reserve Force ships that can be quickly available to support military sea transportation needs. These self-sustaining ships are useful in ports that have limited, damaged or undeveloped port facilities.
History: The ten Keystone State Class ships are conversion crane ships the first of which was completed in 1984 and the last of which was completed in 1997. Five of the ships were deployed to the Arabian Gulf in 1990-91. USNS Gopher State acted as a temporary Army prepositioning ship in 1994.
Description: The auxiliary crane ships are converted container ships with three twin boom pedestal cranes which can lift containers or other cargo from themselves or adjacent vessels and deposit the cargo on a pier or lighterage.
General Characteristics, T-ACS
Builders:
Defoe SB Co, Bay City
Dillingham SR, Portland
Norshipco, Norfolk
Tampa SY
Keith Ship Repair, New Orleans
Power Plant:
Two boilers; two GE turbines; 19,250 hp; one shaft
Length, Overall:
668.6 feet (203.79 meters)
Beam:
76.1 feet (23.20 meters)
Displacement:
31,500 long tons (32,005.52 metric tons) full load
Cargo Capacity:
300+ standard containers
Speed:
20 knots (23.02 mph, 37.05 kph)
Crew:
89 civilians
Ships:
USNS Keystone State (ex-SS President Harrison) (T-ACS 1)
USNS Gem State (ex-SS President Monroe) (T-ACS 2)
USNS Grand Canyon State (ex-SS President Polk) (T-ACS 3)
USNS Gopher State (ex-Export Leader) (T-ACS 4)
USNS Flickertail State (ex-Export Lightening) (T-ACS 5)
USNS Cornhusker State (ex-Staghound) (T-ACS 6)
USNS Diamond State (ex-President Truman) (T-ACS 7)
USNS Equality State (ex-American Banker) (T-ACS 8)
USNS Green Mountain State (ex-American Altair) (T-ACS 9)
USNS Beaver State (ex-American Draco) (T-ACS 10)
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David
Sat January 3, 2004 10:46pm
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Mark V Special Operations
Function: The Mark V is used to carry Special Operations Forces (SOF), primarily SEAL combat swimmers, into and out of operations where the threat to these forces is considered to be low to medium. They also support limited coastal patrol and interruption of enemy activities.
Description: The MARK V Special Operations Craft (SOC) is the newest, versatile, high performance combatant craft introduced into the Naval Special Warfare (NSW) Special Boat Squadron (SBR) inventory to improve maritime special operations capabilities. MARK Vs are organized into detachments comprised of two boats, crews and a deployment support package mounted on cargo transporters. The detachment can be delivered in-theater rapidly by two C-5 aircraft, by a well or flight deck equipped surface ships and, if appropriate, under their own power. The detachment can be deployable within 48 hours of notification and ready for operations within 24 hours of arrival at a forward operating base. They can operate from shore facilities, from well-deck equipped ships or from ships with appropriate crane and deck space capabilities. The MARK Vs are a result of a streamlined acquisition effort managed by the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) Special Operations Acquisition Executive (SOAE). From the awarding of the contract to actual possession of the first boat took only 18 months .
General Characteristics, Mark V
Length, Overall:
82 feet (24.99 meters)
Beam:
17 feet 6 inches (5.33 meters)
Weight:
57 long tons (57.91 metric tons)
Speed:
50 knots (57.54+ mph, 92.60 kph)
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David
Sat January 3, 2004 10:46pm
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LST - Newport Class Tank
Function: Tank landing ships (LST) are used to transport and land tanks, amphibious vehicles and other rolling stock in amphibious assault.
Description: Ships of this class are the first to depart from the bow-door design that characterized the workhorses of World War II. The hull form necessary to attain the 20-knot speeds of contemporary amphibious squadrons would not permit bow doors. Accordingly, these ships offload cargo and vehicles by means of a 112-foot ramp over their bow. A stern gate allows off-loading of amphibious vehicles directly into the water. The two ships of this class, now assigned to the Naval Reserve Forces, are the only of this 20-ship class of LSTs remaining in the fleet.
General Characteristics, Newport Class
Builders:
National Steel and Shipbuilding
Date Deployed:
June 7, 1969 (USS Newport)
Power Plant:
Six diesels, two shafts, 16,000 brake horsepower
Length, Overall:
522 feet (159.11 meters)
Beam:
69 feet (21.03 meters)
Displacement:
8,450 long tons (8,585.61 metric tons) full load
Speed:
20 knots (23.02 mph, 37.05 kph)
Crew:
13 officers, 244 enlisted
Armament:
One 20 mm Phalanx CIWS mount
Two 25 mm MK 38 machine guns
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