Amato, Ivan. Pushing the Horizon: Seventy-Five Years of High Stakes Science and Technology at the Naval Research Laboratory. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1998. OCLC 39501632. [See ch.6 "NRL Goes to War: The Navy's Secret Little Manhattan Project," pp. 139-51; and ch.9, "NRL, Nuclear Fallout, and the Coled War," pp, 215-73.]

Caufield, Catherine. Multiple Exposures: Chronicles of the Radiation Age. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1989. OCLC 19353829.

Delgado, James P. The Archeology of the Atomic Bomb: a Submerged Cultural Resources Assessment of the Sunken Fleet of Operation Crossroads at Bikini and Kwajolein Atoll Lagoons, Republic of the Marshall Islands. Santa Fe NM: Submerged Cultural Resources Unit, National Maritime Initiative, US Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, 1991. OCLC 25079770.

Dingman, Roger. "Alliance in Crisis: The Lucky Dragon Incident and Japanese-American Relations" in Warren I. Cohen and Akira Iriye eds. The Great Powers in East Asia 1953 1960. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990. OCLC. 20932628. [Accidental exposure of the Japanese fishing boat Fukuryu Maru No.5 to fallout during Operation Castle.]

DOD Report on Search for Human Radiation Experiments Records, 1944-1994. 2 vols. Washington: Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Nuclear and Chemical and Biological Defense Programs, Department of Defanse, 1997. OCLC 37624427. Volume 1, NTIS# PB97-199616INF; Volume 2, NTIS# PB97-199624INF. [Includes Naval facilities, dates, and brief descriptions of experiments].

Glasstone, Samuel and Philip J. Dolan eds. The Effects of Nuclear Weapons. 3d ed. Washington: US Goverurnent Printing Office, 1977. OCLC 4016678 and 3570296.

Hacker, Barton C. Elements of Controversy. The Atomic Energy Commission and Radiation Safety in Nuclear Weapons Testing, 1947-1974. Berkeley: University of California Press, c1994. OCLC 29256815.

Hansen, Chuck. US Nuclear Weapons: The Secret History. New York: Orion Books, c1988. OCLC 16404602.

Ijarns, C.C. ed. Operation Crossroads: Bikini 1946. New York: Georgian Press, 1946. OCLC 5637418.

[Photo essay "cruise book" for USS Avery Island and the Electronics Coordinating Office].

"Known Nuclear Tests Worldwide, 1945-1994." Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 51, no.3 (May/Jun. 1995): 70- 71.

"Listing of 204 Previously Unannounced Nuclear Tests." NTS News and Views 5, no.l (Jan. 1994): 4-6.

May, John. The Greenpeace Book of the Nuclear Age. The Hidden History, the Human Cost. New York: Pantheon Books, c 1989. OCLC 20671815.

Maydew, Randall C. America's Lost H-Bomb: Palomares, Spain. Yuma KS: Sunflower University Press, 1997.

"Nevada test Site: A Historical Perspective." NTS News and Views Special Edition (April 1993): 1-32.

Rosenberg, Howard L. Atomic Soldiers: American Victims of Nuclear Experiments. Boston: Beacon Press, 1980. OCLC 6278167.

Rothstein, Linda. "No Matter What, Says NAS, Atomic Vets are O.K." Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 48, no.10 (Dec. 1992): 3-4.

Scharnberg, Ken. "St. George Is Expendable." American Legion 139, no.4 (Oct. 1995): 20-27, 60, 62. [Survey of US nuclear testing program and federal handling of related health and legal issues pertaining to civilian and military personnel.].

Shurliff, W.A. Bombs at Bikini: The Official Report of Operation Crossroads. New York: W.H. Wise, 1947. OCLC 1492066.

Taylor, Lauriston Sale. Radiation Protection Standards. Cleveland OH: CRC Press, c1971. OCLC 251137.

Uhl, Michael GI Guinea Pigs. New York: Playboy Press, 1980. OCLC 6195243.

United Nations. Department of Disarmament Affairs. Nuclear Weapons: A Comprehensive Study. New York: United Nations, 1991.

United States. Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute. Medical Effects of Nuclear Weapons. Bethesda MD: The Institute, c1979. OCLC 6032516.

United States. Armed Forces Special Weapons Project. Radiological Defense. Washington, 1948. OCLC 14673049.

United States. Atomic Energy Commission. Health Aspects of Nuclear Weapons Testing Washington: US Govt. Printing Office, c1964. OCLC 21684725.

United States Congress. Senate. Radioactive Fallout from Nuclear Testing at Nevada Test Site, 1950-60. 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. Hrg 105-180.

United States. Defense Atomic Support Agency, Field Command, Atomic Weapons Training Group. Basic Nuclear and Radiation Physics. Sandia Base NM, C.1960. OCLC 10899972.

United States. Defense Nuclear Agency. Radiological Cleanup of Enewetak Atoll. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1981. OCLC 7787083.

United States. Joint Task Force One. Operation Crossroads, the Official Pictorial Record. New York: W.H Wise & Co., c1946. OCLC 1223420.

United States Navy. Bureau of Naval Personnel. ABC Warfare Defense. Washington: Bureau of Naval Personnel, 1963. [Includes nature of atomic warfare, personnel protection, protective equipment and decontamination.]. OCLC 27696376.

United States Navy. Bureau of Naval Personnel. Atomic Warfare Defense. Washington: GPO, 1955. OCLC 1472635. [Includes effects of atomic weapons, defense against atomic attack, radiation detection and decontamination.].

United States Navy. Bureau of Naval Personnel. Principles of Guided Missiles and Nuclear Weapons. Washington: U.S. Govt. Printing Office, c1959. OCLC 1394427.

United States Navy. Bureau of Yards and Docks. ABC Warfare Defense Ashore. Washington: GPO, 1960. OCLC 28184340. [Includes nature of nuclear weapons, characteristics and effects, casualties, damage, warning, detection, protection and decontamination.].

Weisgall, Jonathan M. Operation Crossroads:The Atomic Tests at Bikini Atoll. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1994. OCLC 29477984.

White, Clarence H. ed. Operation Sandstone; the Story of Joint Task Force Seven. Washington: Infantry Journal Press, 1949. OCLC 1511916. [Photo essay].

The following Defense Nuclear Agency (currently the Defense Threat Reduction Agency) publications, each covering a specific series of tests, contain operational details, units participating, radiation exposure data, and bibliographies. Other books in the 41-volume series focus on one or more atmospheric or underground detonations within a particular operation conducted at the Nevada Test Site. The volumes are available for examination in many US Government Depository libraries, and can be purchased from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield VA 22161. The telephone number is (703) 487-4780.

Johnson, Abby A., Jerald L. Goetz and William K. McRaney. For the Record: A History of the Nuclear Test PersonnelReview Program, 1978-1986. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1986.OCLC 17466348. NTIS# ADA190410. [Discusses personnel participation in US atmospheric tests and the postwar U.S. occupation of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Contains useful bibliography, and information on research at the Coordination and Information Center (CIC) in Las Vegas Nevada, where 125,000+ documents on nuclear testing are located.].

Robinette, C. Dennis. Studies of Participants in Nuclear Tests: Final Report, I September 1978- 31 October 1984. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1985. OCLC 17231691. NTIS# ADAl 55245. [Also known as Mortality of Nuclear Weapons Test Participants].

United States. Defense Nuclear Agency. Radiac Instruments and Film Badges Used at Atmospheric Nuclear Tests. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1985. OCLC 13042667. NTIS# ADA163137. [Discusses accuracy of radial instruments, pocket dosimeters and film badges; where documentation is located; and which instruments were used at each test.].

_____, Reference Manual: Background Materials for the CONUS Volumes. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, c1983. OCLC 14018119. NTIS# ADA136818. [Basic reference book covering characteristics of nuclear detonations; radiation physics; radiation measurement, instrumentation, and protection; development of radiation protection standards; biological effects of ionizing radiation; and lists of US and foreign nuclear tests. Contains useful bibliography.].


Chronological List of Nuclear Tests
_____ Project Trinity, 1945-1946. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1982. OCLC 09318765. NTIS# ADA128035. detonation of the world's first nuclear device during July 1945, in New Mexico. [Approximately 1,000 individuals including some naval personnel visited the site between the detonation and the end of 1946.].

_____ Operation Crossroads, 1946. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, c1984. OCLC 11238477. NTIS# ADAl46562. [2 detonations conducted by JTF-l during June-July 1946, at Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands, Pacific Ocean. At least 36,262 Navy and 550 Marine Corps personnel, as well as 251 ships, participated.].

_____ Operation Sandstone, 1948. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, c1983. OCLC 10437826. NTIS# ADAl39151. [3 detonations conducted by JTF-7 during April-May 1948, Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands. At least 7,759 Navy and 182 Marine Corps personnel participated.].

_____ Operation Ranger: Shots Able, Baker, Easy, Baker-2, Fox, 25 January-6 February 1951. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1982. OCLC 08681722. NTIS# ADA118684. [5 detonations conducted at the Nevada Proving Ground, involving at least 6 Navy and 1 Marine Corps personnel.].

_____ Operation Greenhouse, 1951. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, c1983. OCLC 10038770. NTIS# ADA134735. [4 detonations conducted by JTF-7 during April-May 1951, at Enewetak. At least 2,900 Navy and 80 Marine Corps personnel were involved.].

_____ Operation Buster-Jangle, 1951. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1982. OCLC 09434685. NTIS# ADA123441. [7 detonations conducted from October-November 1951 at Nevada Proving Ground, involving at least 319 Navy and 188 Marine Corps personnel.].

_____ Operation Tumbler-Snapper, 1952. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1982. OCLC 08919253. NTIS# ADA122242. [8 detonations conducted during April-June 1952 at Nevada Proving Ground. At least 556 Navy and 2,042 Marine Corps personnel participated.].

_____ Operation Ivy, 1952. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency Agency, c1982. OCLC 9379520. NTIS# ADA128082. [2 detonations conducted by JTF-132 during October-November 1952, at Enewetak. One of the events, designated Mike, was the first thermonuclear or hydrogen bomb. At least 5,258 Navy and 178 Marine Corps personnel participated.].

_____ Operation Upshot-Knothole, 1953. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1982. OCLC 08844633. NTIS# ADA121624. [11 detonations conducted during March-June 1953 at Nevada Proving Ground. At least 773 Navy and 2,275 Marine Corps personnel participated.].

_____ Castle Series, 1954. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, c1982. OCLC 8578417. NTIS# ADA117574. [6 detonations conducted by Joint Task Force (JTF) 7 during March-May 1954, at Enewetak. At least 8,633 Navy and 303 Marine Corps personnel were involved.].

_____ Operation Teapot, 1955. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1981. OCLC 08321437. NTIS# ADA113537. [14 detonations conducted during February-May 1955 at Nevada Test Site. At least 541 Navy and 2,305 Marine Corps personnel participated.].

_____ Operation Wigwam. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, c1981. OCLC 7846258. NTIS# ADA105685. [a single deep underwater detonation conducted by JTF-7 during May 1955, in the Pacific Ocean, approximately 500 miles southwest of San Diego CA. At least 6,567 Navy and 110 Marine Corps personnel as well as 30 ships participated.].

_____ Operation Redwing 1956. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, c1982. OCLC 10057819. NTIS# ADA134795. [17 detonations conducted by JTF-7 during May-July 1956, at Bikini and Enewetak. At least 5,654 Navy and 253 Marine Corps personnel were involved.].

_____ Plumbbob Series, 1957. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1981. OCLC 07980554. NTIS# ADA107317. [24 detonations conducted during April-October 1957 at Nevada Test Site. At least 574 Navy and 2,148 Marine Corps personnel participated. Naval aircraft included 4 model ZSG-3 airships, an HSS-1 helicopter and fixed-wing aircraft].

_____ Operation Hardtack I, 1958. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, cl982. 0CLC 10133349. NTIS# ADA136819. [35 detonations conducted by JTF-7 during April-August 1958, at Bikini and Enewetak. At least 9,736 Navy and 219 Marine Corps personnel were involved.].

_____ Operation Argus, 1958. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, c1982. OCLC 9094922. NTIS# ADA122341. [3 high-altitude detonations conducted by TF (Task Force) 88 during AugustSeptember 1958. over South Atlantic Ocean.].

_____ Operation Upshot-Knothole, 1953. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1982. OCLC 08844633. NTIS# ADA121624. [11 detonations conducted during March-June 1953 at Nevada Proving Ground. At least 773 Navy and 2,275 Marine Corps personnel participated.].

_____ Castle Series, 1954. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, c1982. OCLC 8578417. NTIS# ADA117574. [6 detonations conducted by Joint Task Force (JTF) 7 during March-May 1954, at Enewetak. At least 8,633 Navy and 303 Marine Corps personnel were involved.]

_____ Operation Teapot, 1955. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1981. OCLC 08321437. NTIS# ADA113537. [14 detonations conducted during February-May 1955 at Nevada Test Site. At least 541 Navy and 2,305 Marine Corps personnel participated.].

_____ Operation Wigwam. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, c1981. OCLC 7846258. NTIS# ADA105685. [a single deep underwater detonation conducted by JTF-7 during May 1955, in the Pacific Ocean, approximately 500 miles southwest of San Diego CA. At least 6,567 Navy and 110 Marine Corps personnel as well as 30 ships participated.].

_____ Operation Redwing 1956. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, c1982. OCLC 10057819. NTIS# ADA134795. [17 detonations conducted by JTF-7 during May-July 1956, at Bikini and Enewetak. At least 5,654 Navy and 253 Marine Corps personnel were involved.].

_____ Plumbbob Series, 1957. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1981. OCLC 07980554. NTIS# ADA107317. [24 detonations conducted during April-October 1957 at Nevada Test Site. At least 574 Navy and 2,148 Marine Corps personnel participated. Naval aircraft included 4 model ZSG-3 airships, an HSS-1 helicopter and fixed-wing aircraft].

_____ Operation Hardtack I, 1958. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, c1982. OCLC 10133349. NTIS# ADA136819. [35 detonations conducted by JTF-7 during April-August 1958, at Bikini and Enewetak. At least 9,736 Navy and 219 Marine Corps personnel were involved.].

_____ Operation Argus, 1958. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, c1982. OCLC 9094922. NTIS# ADA122341. [3 high-altitude detonations conducted by TF (Task Force) 88 during AugustSeptember 1958, over South Atlantic Ocean. Nine ships and approximately 4,500 men were involved.].

_____ Operation Hardtack II, 1958. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1982. OCLC 09697075. NTIS# ADA130929. [19 detonations conducted during September-October 1958 at Nevada Test Site. At least 33 Navy and 2 Marine Corps personnel were involved.].

_____ Projects Gnome and Sedan: The Plowshare Program. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1983. OCLC 09495005. NTIS# ADA130165. [27 nuclear detonations conducted between 1961 and 1973 at Nevada Test Site, Colorado, and New Mexico. At least 82 Navy and 1 Marine Corps personnel participated.].

_____ Operation Dominic I, 1962. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, c1983. OCLC 10240984. NTIS# ADA136820. [36 detonations inc. Polaris and ASROC tests conducted by JTF- 8 during April-November 1962, in Johnson and Christian Island areas, and a single detonation 371 nautical miles southwest of San Diego CA. At least 18,163 Navy and 659 Marine Corps personnel participated.].

_____ Operation Dominic II. Shots Little Feller II, Johnie Boy, Small Boy, Little Feller I, 7 July17 July 1962. Washington: Defense Nuclear Agency, 1983. OCLC 09448877, NTIS# ADA128367. [4 detonations during July 1962, at Nevada Test Site. At least 81 Navy and 89 Marine Corps personnel participated.].