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Making no mistakes is what establishes the certainty of victory, for it means conquering an enemy that is already defeated. -- Sun Tzu |
Wisconsin Light Stations(2160 total words in this text)(2766 Reads)  LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1893 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1932 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1973 Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: PIER Construction Materials: STEEL Tower Shape: CYLINDRICAL Markings/Pattern: RED Relationship to Other Structure: INTEGRAL Original Lens: FRESNEL ASHLAND HARBOR BREAKWATER LIGHT CHEQUAMEGON BAY/LAKE SUPERIOR Station Established: 1911 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1915 Operational? YES Automated? YES Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: CONCRETE PIER ON CRIB Construction Materials: REINFORCED CONCRETE/STEEL Tower Shape: CYLINDRICAL. WATCHROOM ON HEX. PYRAMIDAL. TOWER Markings/Pattern: WHITE W/BLACK LANTERN Relationship to Other Structure: SEPARATE Original Lens: FOURTH ORDER, FRESNEL BAILEY'S HARBOR LIGHT NORTH POINT ISLAND/LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1853 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1853 Operational? NO Automated? NO Deactivated: 1870 Foundation Materials: Construction Materials: RUBBLESTONE Tower Shape: CONICAL Markings/Pattern: NATURAL Relationship to Other Structure: ATTACHED Original Lens: ARGAND REFLECTOR 1853 BAILEYS HARBOR RANGE LIGHTS DOOR PENINSULA/LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1853 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1869 Operational? NO Automated? YES 1930 Deactivated: 1960's Foundation Materials: FIELDSTONE Construction Materials: WOOD Tower Shape: WHITE W/BLACK TRIM Markings/Pattern: WHITE W/BLACK TRIM Relationship to Other Structure: SEPARATE Original Lens: FIFTH ORDER (FRONT RANGE) 1897 CANA ISLAND LIGHT LAKE MICHIGAN/BAILEYS HARBOR/NORTH BAY Station Established: 1870 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1869 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1945 Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: DRESSED STONE Construction Materials: YELLOW BRICK/1902 STEEL SHELL ADDED Tower Shape: CYLINDRICAL Markings/Pattern: WHITE Relationship to Other Structure: ATTACHED Original Lens: THIRD ORDER, FRESNEL 1870 CHAMBERS ISLAND LIGHT MIDDLE OF GREEN BAY/LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1868 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1868 Operational? NO Automated? YES 1961 Deactivated: 1961 Foundation Materials: CONCRETE Construction Materials: BRICK Tower Shape: OCTAGONAL W/OUT LANTERN Markings/Pattern: YELLOW Relationship to Other Structure: ATTACHED Original Lens: FOURTH ORDER CHEQUAMEGON POINT LIGHT LONG ISLAND/CHEQUAMEGON BAY Station Established: 1858 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1896 Operational? NO Automated? YES 1964 Deactivated: 1986 Foundation Materials: MOVED/ORIG. CONCRETE PIER Construction Materials: IRON Tower Shape: SKELETAL Markings/Pattern: WHITE Relationship to Other Structure: SEPARATE Original Lens: FOURTH ORDER, FRESNEL 1897 DEVILS ISLAND LIGHT APOSTLE ISLANDS/LAKE SUPERIOR Station Established: 1891 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1898 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1978 Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: CONCRETE Construction Materials: CAST IRON Tower Shape: CYLINDRICAL Markings/Pattern: WHITE Relationship to Other Structure: SEPARATE Original Lens: THIRD ORDER, FRESNEL 1901 EAGLE BLUFF LIGHT EAST CHANNEL INTO GREEN BAY Station Established: 1868 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1868 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1926 Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: CONCRETE Construction Materials: BRICK Tower Shape: SQUARE Markings/Pattern: YELLOW WITH RED ROOF Relationship to Other Structure: INTEGRAL Original Lens: THIRD & ONE HALF ORDER 1868 FOX RIVER LIGHT GRASSY ISLAND LOWER & UPPER LIGHT STATION GREEN BAY, WISCONSIN Station Established: 1872; Rebuilt 1907 Operational? Automated? Deactivated: Foundation Materials: Construction Materials: Tower Shape: CONICAL Markings/Pattern: Original Lens: GREEN BAY LIGHT GREEN ISLAND LIGHT Location: On Green Island in Green Bay off of Marinette, five miles southeast of the mouth of the Menominee River. Station Established: 1863 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1863 Operational? NO Automated? NO Deactivated: Abandoned, destroyed by fire. KENOSHA (SOUTHPORT) LIGHT SIMMONS ISLAND/LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1848 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1866 Operational? YES Automated? UNK Deactivated: 1906-1996 Foundation Materials: STONE Construction Materials: CREAM COLORED BRICK Tower Shape: CONICAL Markings/Pattern: MORTAR COAT Relationship to Other Structure: SEPARATE Original Lens: FOURTH ORDER, FRESNEL 1866 KEWAUNEE PIERHEAD LIGHT LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1889 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1931 Operational? YES Automated? YES Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: PIER Construction Materials: STEEL Tower Shape: SQUARE ON RECTANGULAR HOUSE Markings/Pattern: WHITE W/RED ROOF Relationship to Other Structure: INTEGRAL Original Lens: FIFTH ORDER, FRESNEL LA POINTE (LONG ISLAND) LIGHT LONG ISLAND/CHEQUAMEGON BAY/LAKE SUPERIOR Station Established: 1858 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1896 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1964 Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: CONCRETE Construction Materials: CAST IRON Tower Shape: SKELETAL W/CENTRAL COLUMN Markings/Pattern: WHITE Relationship to Other Structure: SEPARATE Original Lens: FOURTH ORDER, FRESNEL 1896 MANITOWOC BREAKWATER LIGHT LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1895 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1918 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1971 Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: CONCRETE PIER Construction Materials: STEEL FRAME Tower Shape: CYLINDRICAL ON SQUARE HOUSE Markings/Pattern: WHITE W/BLACK LANTERN Relationship to Other Structure: INTEGRAL Original Lens: FOURTH ORDER, FRESNEL 1918 MICHIGAN ISLAND LIGHTS APOSTLE ISLANDS/LAKE SUPERIOR Station Established: 1857 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1869; Second Tower: 1880 Operational? NO; Second Tower? YES Automated? YES 1943 Deactivated: 1929; Second Tower: n/a Foundation Materials: NATURAL/EMPLACED; Second Tower: CONCRETE Construction Materials: MASONRY; Second Tower: CAST IRON Tower Shape: CONICAL; Second Tower: SKELETAL W/CENTRAL CYLINDER Markings/Pattern: BLACK LANTERN ON WHITEWASHED MASONRY TOWER; Second Tower: WHITE Relationship to Other Structure: ATTACHED; Second Tower: SEPARATE Original Lens: THIRD AND HALF ORDER, FRESNEL 1869 MILWAUKEE BREAKWATER LIGHT LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1926 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1926 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1966 Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: CONCRETE PIER Construction Materials: STEEL FRAME Tower Shape: SQUARE ON SQUARE HOUSE Markings/Pattern: WHITE TOWER WITH BLACK LANTERN Relationship to Other Structure: INTEGRAL Original Lens: FOURTH ORDER, FRESNEL MILWAUKEE PIERHEAD LIGHT LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1872 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1906 Operational? NO Automated? YES Deactivated: Foundation Materials: CONCRETE PIER Construction Materials: STEEL Tower Shape: CONICAL Markings/Pattern: RED W/BLACK LANTERN Relationship to Other Structure: SEPARATE Original Lens: FOURTH ORDER, FRESNEL NORTH POINT (MILWAUKEE) LIGHT MILWAUKEE RIVER ENTRANCE/LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1855 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1888 Operational? YES Automated? YES Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: CONCRETE Construction Materials: CAST IRON (1888)/STEEL (1912) Tower Shape: OCTAGONAL Markings/Pattern: WHITE WITH RED ROOF Relationship to Other Structure: SEPARATE Original Lens: FOURTH ORDER, FRESNEL 1888 OUTER ISLAND LIGHT APOSTLE ISLANDS/LAKE SUPERIOR Station Established: 1874 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1874 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1961 Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: STONE Construction Materials: BRICK W/ITALIANATE BRACKETING Tower Shape: CONICAL Markings/Pattern: WHITE W/BLACK TRIM Relationship to Other Structure: ATTACHED Original Lens: THIRD ORDER, FRESNEL 1874 PILOT ISLAND LIGHT PORTE DES MORTS PASSAGE/LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1858 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1873 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1962 Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: CONCRETE Construction Materials: BRICK Tower Shape: SQUARE Markings/Pattern: YELLOW WITH RED ROOF Relationship to Other Structure: INTEGRAL Original Lens: FOURTH ORDER FRESNEL PLUM ISLAND REAR RANGE LIGHT LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1897 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1897 Operational? YES Automated? YES Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: CONCRETE Construction Materials: IRON Tower Shape: SKELETAL Markings/Pattern: WHITE Relationship to Other Structure: SEPARATE Original Lens: FOURTH ORDER, FRESNEL PORT WASHINGTON BREAKWATER LIGHT LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1889 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1935 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1975 Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: CONCRETE Construction Materials: STEEL Tower Shape: SQUARE Markings/Pattern: WHITE Relationship to Other Structure: INTEGRAL Original Lens: PORT WASHINGTON LIGHT (OLD) PORT WASHINGTON HARBOR Station Established: 1848 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1860 Operational? NO Automated? NO Deactivated: 1899 Foundation Materials: STONE Construction Materials: BRICK Tower Shape: HOUSE WITHOUT TOWER Markings/Pattern: WHITE Relationship to Other Structure: INTEGRAL Original Lens: PORT WASHINGTON PIERHEAD LIGHT POTTAWATOMIE (ROCK ISLAND) LIGHT GREEN BAY ENTRANCE/LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1837 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1858 Operational? NO Automated? YES Deactivated: Foundation Materials: STONE Construction Materials: LIMESTONE Tower Shape: SQUARE W/OUT LANTERN Markings/Pattern: NATURAL Relationship to Other Structure: INTEGRAL Original Lens: RACINE HARBOR LIGHT RACINE HARBOR ENTRANCE OFF LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1866 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1866 Operational? NO Automated? YES Deactivated: 1903 Foundation Materials: ORIG/ROCK FILLED TIMBER CRIB Construction Materials: WOOD Tower Shape: SQUARE Markings/Pattern: WHITE TOWER W/LANTERN REMOVED Relationship to Other Structure: ATTACHED Original Lens: RACINE REEF LIGHT RASPBERRY ISLAND LIGHT APOSTLE ISLANDS/LAKE SUPERIOR Station Established: 1863 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1863 Operational? NO Automated? YES 1957 Deactivated: 1957 Foundation Materials: STONE Construction Materials: WOOD Tower Shape: SQUARE Markings/Pattern: WHITE W/BLACK LANTERN Relationship to Other Structure: INTEGRAL Original Lens: FIFTH ORDER, FRESNEL 1863 RAWLEY POINT (TWIN RIVER POINT) LIGHT WEST SHORE LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1853 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1894 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1979 Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: Construction Materials: CAST IRON Tower Shape: SKELETAL Markings/Pattern: WHITE W/BLACK TRIM Relationship to Other Structure: SEPARATE Original Lens: THIRD ORDER, FRESNEL SAND ISLAND LIGHT APOSTLE ISLANDS/LAKE SUPERIOR Station Established: 1881 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1881 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1921 Deactivated: 1933-1980 Foundation Materials: STONE Construction Materials: SANDSTONE Tower Shape: OCTAGONAL Markings/Pattern: GOTHIC Relationship to Other Structure: ATTACHED Original Lens: FOURTH ORDER, FRESNEL 1881 SHEBOYGAN PIERHEAD LIGHT SHERWOOD POINT LIGHT STURGEON BAY/GREEN BAY/LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1883 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1883 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1983 Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: CONCRETE Construction Materials: BRICK Tower Shape: SQUARE Markings/Pattern: WHITE W/RED ROOF Relationship to Other Structure: ATTACHED Original Lens: FIFTH ORDER, FRESNEL STURGEON BAY CANAL LIGHT STURGEON BAY CANAL/LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1899 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1903 Operational? YES Automated? YES Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: CONCRETE Construction Materials: STEEL/IRON Tower Shape: SKELETAL W/CONE Markings/Pattern: WHITE W/BLACK LANTERN Relationship to Other Structure: SEPARATE Original Lens: SECOND ORDER, FRESNEL STURGEON BAY SHIP CANAL NORTH PIERHEAD LIGHT CANAL ENTRANCE/LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1882 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1903 Operational? YES Automated? YES Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: CONCRETE Construction Materials: CAST IRON Tower Shape: CYLINDRICAL ON SQUARE HOUSE Markings/Pattern: RED Relationship to Other Structure: INTEGRAL Original Lens: SIXTH ORDER, FRESNEL 1882 SUPERIOR HARBOR ENTRY SOUTH BREAKWATER LIGHT WISCONSIN POINT/LAKE SUPERIOR Station Established: 1913 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1913 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1970 Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: CONCRETE PIER Construction Materials: CONCRETE Tower Shape: CYLINDRICAL Markings/Pattern: WHITE W/RED LANTERN Relationship to Other Structure: INTEGRAL Original Lens: FOURTH ORDER, FRESNEL TAIL POINT LIGHT TWO RIVERS LIGHT WIND POINT LIGHT RACINE HARBOR/LAKE MICHIGAN Station Established: 1880 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1880 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1964 Deactivated: n/a Foundation Materials: STONE Construction Materials: BRICK Tower Shape: CONICAL Markings/Pattern: WHITE W/GREEN LANTERN & BASE, RED ROOF Relationship to Other Structure: ATTACHED Original Lens: THIRD ORDER, FRESNEL 1880 |
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1759:
British forces seize Basse-Terre and Guadeloupe from France.
1865: Union cavalry units continue to skirmish with Confederate forces in Henderson, North Carolina and Munsford Station, Alalbama. 1924: The U.S. Senate passes the Soldiers Bonus Bill. 1942: In retaliation for the British raid on Lubeck, German bombers strike Exeter and later Bath, Norwick, York, and other "medieval-city centres." Almost 1,000 English civilians are killed in the bombing attacks nicknamed "Baedeker Raids." 1945: The Soviet Army fights its way into Berlin. 1950: Chiang Kai-shek evacuates Hainan, leaving mainland China to Mao Zedong and the communists. 1975: At a speech at Tulane University, President Gerald Ford says the Vietnam War is finished as far as America is concerned. This was devastating news to the South Vietnamese, who were desperately pleading for U.S. support as the North Vietnamese surrounded Saigon for the final assault on the capital city. |
