United States Naval Forces in Desert Shield and Desert Storm

FINDING AIDS
ACCESS Guide to the Persian Gulf Crisis. Washington: ACCESS, 1991. An annotated guide to reports, studies, databases, and contact information for relevant organizations.

Goodman, A. Sue, comp. Iraq-Kuwait Crisis: August 2, 1990- January 15, 1991. Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air University Library, 1991. 51-page bibliography with a few selected annotations, under 11 topic headings.

Goodman, A. Sue, comp. Persian Gulf War, 1990-1991: Desert Shield/Desert Storm. Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air University Library, 1991. This comprehensive 183-page bibliography is the best general guide for researchers on the Gulf War, despite its dearth of annotations. It is organized under 45 topical headings and includes citations of government documents, manuscripts, books, scholarly journals, newspapers, popular magazines, and videocassettes.

Kuniholm, Bruce Robellet. The Persian Gulf and United States Policy: A Guide to Issues and References. Claremont, CA: Regina Books, 1984. Lists 935 publications; good for background material.

Melson, Charles D., Evelyn A. Englander, and David A. Dawson, comps. U.S. Marines in the Persian Gulf, 1990-1991: Anthology and Annotated Bibliography. Washington: History and Museums Division, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, 1992. 258 pp. This reference work contains 26 articles drawn from the U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings, Marine Corps Gazette, Field Artillery, and Washington Post; messages and briefings from senior officers; task organization; and chronology in addition to the bibliography.

The Middle East in Conflict: A Historical Bibliography. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC- Clio Information Services, 1985. Drawn from over 2,000 journals published in 90 countries in more than 40 languages, this work lists periodical literature on the 20th-century history of the Middle East published between 1973 and 1982. Extensive index.

Reagan, Patrick D. America and the War with Iraq: A Bibliography for Instructors. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath and Co., 1991. Wide-ranging 24-page annotated bibliography includes works on the Gulf War, Cold War, peace movements, and social history of the American armed services.

Shapiro, Sherry B. Persian Gulf War: CRS Products. Washington: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1991. CRS reports are reference and information briefs prepared for members and committees of Congress. This bibliography/order form lists 31 CRS products.

U.S. Department of the Army. Desert Warfare: A Select Bibliography. Washington: The Pentagon Library, 1991. Background on war in a desert environment.

U.S. Department of the Navy. "Desert Storm: The Liberation of Kuwait." Library Notes 20 (October- November 1991). Naval War College bibliography of "significant writings" published during the period 16 January-October 1991.

SOURCE MATERIALS
Browne, Marjorie Ann, comp. Iraq-Kuwait: U.N. Security Council Resolutions--Texts and Votes. Washington: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1990. 36 pp.

Collins, John M. High Command Arrangements Early in the Persian Gulf Crisis. Washington: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1991. 5 pp.

Desert Storm Missiles: Specifications, Costs and Leading Contractors. Washington: Defense Budget Project, 1991. 5 pp.

Epstein, Susan. The World Embargo on Food Exports to Iraq. Washington: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1990. 9 pp.

A First Look at Sealift Options for the 1990s in Light of the Experience in Operation Desert Shield. Alexandria, VA: Center for Naval Analyses, 1991. 29 pp. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of sealift performance.

Galbraith, Peter. Civil War in Iraq: A Staff Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1991. 28 pp.

Goldich, Robert. Iraq-Kuwait Crisis: U.S. Reserve Callup and Reliance on the Reserves. Washington: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1990. 15 pp.

Lowenthal, Mark. Naval Restriction of Commerce Against Iraq: Historic Background, Implications and Options. Washington: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1990. 6 pp.

Mark, Clyde R., and Renee L. Stasio. Iraq-Kuwait Crisis: A Chronology of Events July 17, 1990-December 31, 1990. Washington: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1991. 22 pp.

Newsome, Gary S. Iraq's Armed Forces: Summary of Selected Weapons. Washington: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1991. 25 pp.

O'Keefe, Sean C., Frank B. Kelso, and Carl E. Mundy. "From the Sea: A New Direction for the Naval Services." Marine Corps Gazette 76 (November 1992): 18-22. Full text of Navy-Marine Corps White Paper, prepared by the Secretary of the Navy, Chief of Naval Operations, and Commandant of the Marine Corps, defining a new vision for the Navy and Marines; emphasizes the post-Cold War shift from a blue- water, global threat to littoral, regional challenges such as the Gulf war.

O'Rourke, Ronald. Sealift and Operation Desert Shield. Washington: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1990. 28 pp. Overview.

Rost, Ronald F., John F. Addams, and John J. Nelson. Sealift in Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm: 7 August 1990 to 17 February 1991. Alexandria, VA: Center for Naval Analyses, 1991. 39 pp. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of sealift performance.

Simpson, Michael M. Chemical and Biological Weapons in the Persian Gulf Area: Health Effects and Protections. Washington: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1991. 9 pp.

U.S. Army. The Iraqi Army: Organization and Tactics. Fort Irwin, CA: U.S. Army, National Training Center Handbook 100-91, January 1991. 182 pp. A tactical handbook on the Iraqi Army describing force structure, command systems, artillery, intelligence, capacity for nuclear, biological, and chemical warfare, and other topics.

U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Crisis in the Persian Gulf: Sanctions, Diplomacy, and War. Hearings Before the Committee on Armed Services, 101st Cong., 2d sess., December 4, 5, 6, 12, 13, 14, 17, 19, 20, 1990. 920 pp. Features testimony by 34 witnesses, including Secretary of Defense Richard Cheney, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Colin Powell, Cyrus Vance, William Webster, and Admiral Robert F. Dunn.

_______. Military Personnel and Compensation Subcommittee. Redeployment of Reserves From Operation Desert Storm. Hearing Before the Military Personnel and Compensation Subcommittee of the Committee on Armed Services, 102d Cong., 1st sess., April 18, 1991. 72 pp.

U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Arms Control, International Security, and Science. The Persian Gulf Crisis: Relevant Documents, Correspondence, Reports. 102d Cong., 1st sess., 1991. 259 pp. Spans the period 2 August 1990 to 7 March 1991.

U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Subcommittee on Merchant Marine. Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm Sealift Performance and Future Sealift Requirements. Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Merchant Marine of the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, 102d Cong., 1st sess., April 23; May 21, 1991. 596 pp. Discusses sealift performance and policies to improve the commercial Merchant Marine fleet.

U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services. Crisis in the Persian Gulf Region: U.S. Policy Options and Implications. Hearings Before the Committee on Armed Services, 101st Cong., 2d sess., September 11, 13; November 27, 28, 29, 30; December 3, 1990. 765 pp. Features testimonies of Secretary Cheney, General Powell, James R. Schlesinger, General David F. Jones, Admiral William J. Crowe, Henry Kissinger, James Webb, Edward N. Luttwak, and others.

_______. Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm. Hearings Before the Committee on Armed Services, 102d Cong., 1st sess., April 24; May 8, 9, 16, 21; June 4, 12, 20, 1991. 414 pp. Postwar analysis by Major General James M. Myatt, Vice Admiral Stanley R. Arthur, General H. Norman Schwarzkopf, and others.

_______. Subcommittee on Manpower and Personnel. Department of Defense Procedures for Return and Release From Active Duty of National Guardsmen and Reservists Called Up for Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm. Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Manpower and Personnel of the Committee on Armed Services, 102d Cong., 1st sess., June 11, 1991. 85 pp.

U.S. Department of Defense. Conduct of the Persian Gulf Conflict: An Interim Report to Congress. Washington: Department of Defense, 1991. 362 pp. Discusses many operational and social aspects of the war in the format of answers to questions raised by members of Congress. Most sections end with lists of "accomplishments" and "shortcomings." The Final Report listed below has not entirely supplanted the Interim Report in content.

_______. Conduct of the Persian Gulf War: Final Report to Congress, 3 vols. Washington: Department of Defense, 1992. (the "Title V" report.) This is the most important official source on the war, embodying the consensus view of the services. Volume 1 is a narrative covering the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait through the coalition ground campaign, with separate chapters on maritime interception operations and the maritime campaign. Volume 2 analyzes selected topics, including intelligence, preparedness of U.S. forces, deployment, logistics, medical support, reserves, special operations, legal issues, and women in the theater of operations. Volume 3 contains brief descriptions and performance evaluations of selected weapons systems, including aircraft, vehicles, munitions, and "naval systems."

U.S. General Accounting Office. Desert Shield/Storm Logistics: Observations by U.S. Military Personnel: Report to Chairman, Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management, Committee on Governmental Affairs, U.S. Senate. Washington: GAO, 1991. 58 pp. Examines readiness of prepositioned supplies, repair parts, food and clothing, and weapons systems.

_______. Military Personnel: Composition of the Active Duty Forces by Race or National Origin Identification and by Gender: Fact Sheet for the Chairman, Legislation and National Security Subcommittee, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives. Washington: GAO, 1991. 79 pp. The racial composition of U.S. forces came under close scrutiny during the Gulf War.

_______. Navy Contracting: Military Sealift Command Contracts for Operation Desert Shield: Report to the Chairman, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives. Washington: GAO, 1991. 12 pp.

_______. Operation Desert Shield/Storm: Use of Navy and Marine Corps Reserves: Report to Chairman, Subcommittee on Readiness, Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives. Washington: GAO, 1991. 5 pp. Summary of numbers of recalled reservists.

_______. Operation Desert Storm: Lack of Accountability Over Materiel During Redeployment: Report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Conventional Forces and Alliance Defense, Committee on Armed Services, U.S. Senate. Washington: GAO, 1992. 20 pp.

_______. Operation Desert Storm: Race and Gender Comparison of Deployed Forces with All Active Duty Forces: Fact Sheet for the Chairman, Legislation and National Security Subcommittee, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives. Washington: GAO, 1992. 62 pp.

_______. Operation Desert Storm: War Offers Important Insights Into Army and Marine Corps Training Needs: Report to the Honorable Nancy Landon Kassebaum, U.S. Senate. Washington: GAO, 1992. 41 pp.

U.S. Department of State. American Foreign Policy Current Documents (1990 and 1991). Washington: Department of State, 1991, 1992. "Presents the principal public foreign policy messages, addresses, statements, interviews, press briefings and conferences, and congressional testimony by the executive branch of the U.S. Government" during 1990 and 1991. A separate microfiche supplement contains complete transcripts of many briefings and documents.

U.S. Office of the Chief of Naval Operations. The United States Navy in "Desert Shield" "Desert Storm". Washington: Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, 1991. 227 pp. This indispensable reference work provides an overview of naval operations, with a section on initial "lessons learned"; includes 16 appendices and a chronology.

BOOKS
Allen, Thomas, F., Clifton Berry, and Norman Polmar. CNN War in the Gulf. Atlanta, GA: Turner Publishing, 1991. 240 pp. Popular account drawing on CNN's coverage of the war. Includes charts, maps, sketches of weapons systems, and a description of Operation Provide Comfort.

Aspin, Les, and Bill Dickinson. Defense for a New Era: Lessons of the Persian Gulf War. McLean, VA: Brassey's, 1992. 124 pp. Bipartisan congressional analysis of the Gulf War.

Assiri, Abdul-Reda. Kuwait's Foreign Policy: City-State in World Politics. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1990. 193 pp. Background on Kuwait-Iraq land disputes and Iraqi military capabilities.

Bailey, Dennis M. Aegis Guided Missile Cruiser. Osceola, WI: Motorbooks International, 1991. A popular illustrated glimpse of the Aegis cruiser.

Ball, Desmond. The Intelligence War in the Gulf. Canberra, Australia: Australian National University, 1991. Describes U.S., Soviet, and Iraqi technical intelligence capabilities and operations in the Gulf, including satellite systems, airborne systems, and signals intelligence systems.

Bengio, Ofra. Saddam Speaks on the Gulf Crisis: A Collection of Documents. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1992. 212 pp. Collection of speeches and addresses by Iraqi president Saddam Hussein between February 1990 and February 1991.

Bennis, Phyllis, and Michel Moushabeck, eds. Beyond the Storm: A Gulf Crisis Reader. New York: Olive Branch Press, 1991. 412 pp. Essays by political and social scientists, Middle East experts, and opponents of the Gulf War on various aspects of the war.

Blackwell, James. Thunder in the Desert: The Strategy and Tactics of the Persian Gulf War. New York: Bantam Books, 1991. 252 pp. Deputy Director of the Center for Strategic and International Studies and CNN analyst describes the military operations, with numerous drawings, maps, and charts.

Blair, Arthur. At War in the Gulf: A Chronology. College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press, 1992. 125 pp. Daily chronology from 2 August 1990 through 28 February 1991 tracks selected military and diplomatic developments.

Blake, Gerald, et al. The Cambridge Atlas of the Middle East and North Africa. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1987. 124 pp.

Brown, Ronald J. With the Marines in Operation Provide Comfort: Humanitarian Operations in northern Iraq, 1991. Washington: History and Museums Division, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, 1995. Excellent official history.

Bryan, C.D.B. In the Eye of Desert Storm: Photographers of the Gulf War. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1991. 178 pp. Graphic images of the war by 24 Sygma Photo News photographers.

Bulloch, John, and Harvey Morris. Saddam's War: The Origin of the Kuwait Conflict and the International Response. London: Faber and Faber, 1991. 194 pp. Veteran British journalists argue that while the United States and Arab nations underestimated the Iraqi threat to Kuwait, Saddam Hussein bears responsibility for starting the Gulf war and for its consequences.

Carus, W. Seth. The Genie Unleashed: Iraq's Chemical and Biological Weapons Programs. Washington: Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 1989. 50 pp.

Cipkowski, Peter. Understanding the Gulf Crisis. New York: Wiley, 1992. 179 pp. Examines the events leading to the war, the conduct of the war, and the aftermath.

Conduct of the Persian Gulf War. United States of America: Department of Defense, April 1992.

Cole, Ronald H., et al. The History of the Unified Command Plan, 1946-1993. Washington: Joint History Office, Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1995. Previously classified brief overview, including history of CENTCOM.

Cordesman, Anthony H. The Gulf and the West: Strategic Relations and Military Realities. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1988. 375 pp. Major background study, especially strong on U.S.- Saudi relations.

Cordesman, Anthony H., and Abraham R. Wagner. The Lessons of Modern War, Volume IV: The Gulf War. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996. Topically arranged summary of secondary literature on Desert Shield/Storm.

Coyne, James B. Airpower in the Gulf. Arlington, VA: Air Force Association, 1992. 224 pp. Focused on the Air Force, but includes material on Navy and Marine Corps aviation.

Craft, Douglas W. An Operational Analysis of the Persian Gulf War. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1993. 205 pp.

Craig, Chris. Call for Fire: Sea Combat in the Falklands and the Gulf War. London: John Murray, 1995. Written by the Royal Navy's Senior Naval Officer Middle East during the Gulf War.

Cureton, H. Charles Lt. Col. U.S. Marines in the Persian Gulf, 1990-1991 with the 1st Marine Division in Desert Shield and Desert Storm. Washington, D.C.: History and Museums Division Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, 1993.

Darwish, Adel. Unholy Babylon: The Secret History of Saddam's War. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991. 335 pp. Examines the background of the conflict and the events leading to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait.

David, Peter. Triumph in the Desert: The Challenge, the Fighting, the Legacy. Foreword by Colin Powell. New York: Random House, 1991. 209 pp. Excellent "commemorative" photographic history with more than 200 photos and maps; includes works by Navy combat artist John Roach.

Desert Storm. Leesburg, VA: Empire Press, 1991. 176 pp. First-hand accounts and photographs of the Gulf war, edited by the staff of Military History Magazine.

Desert Storm: The War in the Persian Gulf. Boston, MA: Little, Brown, 1991. 232 pp. Comprehensive, highly readable account of the war by Time magazine journalists. Numerous color photos, illustrations, detailed maps, order of battle charts.

Desert Warriors: The Men and Women Who Won the Gulf War. New York: Pocket Books, 1991. 213 pp. Short human interest news stories by the staff of USA Today. Includes capsule biographies and memorials of American military personnel who died in the war.

Dorr, Robert F. Desert Shield: The Build-Up, The Complete Story. Osceola, WI: Motorbooks International, 1991. 128 pp. Heavily illustrated popular narrative of the sea, air, and land mobilization during Desert Shield.

Dorr, Robert F. Desert Storm Air Victory. Stillwater, MN: Motorbooks International, 1991. 128 pp. Uncritical, popular, day-by-day account of the allied air campaign against Iraq.

Dudley, William, and Stacey Tipps, eds. Iraq. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1991. 256 pp. Essays by politicians, national leaders, military historians, and analysts on controversial questions surrounding the Gulf War.

Dunnigan, James F., and Austin Bay. From Shield to Storm: High- Tech Weapons, Military Strategy, and Coalition Warfare in the Persian Gulf. New York: William Morrow and Co., 1992. 512 pp. Hastily produced hodgepodge by a noted wargame designer and a journalist.

Dupuy, Trevor N., et al. How to Defeat Saddam Hussein. New York: Warner Books, 1991. 165 pp. Expands on Dupuy's House Armed Services Committee testimony of 13 December 1990 presenting scenarios for military operations against Iraq.

Eisenstadt, Michael. The Sword of the Arabs: Iraq's Strategic Weapons. Washington: Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 1990. 63 pp.

Englehardt, Joseph. Desert Shield and Desert Storm: A Chronology and Troop List for the 1990-1991 Persian Gulf Crisis. Carlisle Barracks, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, 1991. 82 pp. Contains short lists of events drawn from news reports, military force lists, casualty/loss tables, and summary of relevant U.N. Security Council Resolutions.

Friedman, Norman. Desert Victory: The War for Kuwait. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1991. 440 pp. 8 appendices. The first full-length analysis of the war to treat the Navy's contribution; contains separate chapters on the embargo, the air campaign, and the maritime campaign, and includes an appendix on naval forces in the embargo and the war.

Friedman, Norman. The Naval Institute Guide to World Naval Weapons Systems 1991/92. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1991. 928 pp. Encyclopedic reference work includes information on weapons performance during Desert Storm.

Gold, Dore. America, the Gulf, and Israel: CENTCOM (Central Command) and Emerging U.S. Regional Security Policies in the Mideast. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1988. 118 pp.

Gordon, Michael R. The Generals' War: the Inside Story of the Conflict in the Gulf. Boston: Little, Brown, 1995. 551 pp.

Gow, James, et al. The Gulf Crisis: Politico-Military Implications. London: Brassey's, 1990. 77 pp. Essays by British military and Middle Eastern specialists.

Graz, Liesl. The Turbulent Gulf. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991. 312 pp. A veteran Swiss journalist provides excellent background material on the region.

Grove, Eric. Battle for the Fiords: NATO's Forward Maritime Strategy in Action. With Graham Thompson. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1991. An account of Exercise Teamwork '88.

Grove, Eric, ed. Britain's Gulf War: Operation Granby. London: Harrington Kilbride, 1991. 66 pp. Well-illustrated account of British involvement in the war.

Gulf Crisis Chronology. London: Gale Research Inc., 1991. 454 pp.

The Gulf War: Military Lessons Learned. Washington: Center for Strategic and International Studies, 1991. 53 pp. Identifies and discusses seven major lessons from the Gulf War.

Halberstadt, Hans. Desert Storm Ground War. Stillwater, MN: Motorbooks International, 1991. 128 pp. Heavily illustrated and hastily written popular account.

Hallion, Richard. Storm Over Iraq. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1992. 352 pp. The Chief of the Office of Air Force History discusses the development of air power from Vietnam to the Gulf, argues that air power won the Gulf War, and is highly critical of the Navy's aircraft carriers.

Hartmann, Frederick H. Naval Renaissance: The U.S. Navy in the 1980s. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1990. An overview of the post World War II Navy focusing on the post Vietnam era.

Hawley, T.M. Against the Fires of Hell: The Environmental Disaster of the Gulf War. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1992. 208 pp.

Head, William, and Earl H. Tilford, Jr., eds. The Eagle in the Desert: Looking Back on U.S. Involvement in the Persian Gulf War. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1996. A collection of thirteen essays assessing political questions, logistic support, the allied victory, and air, ground, and naval operations.

Hicks, Robert. Returning Home: Practical Advice for War Veterans, Their Families, and Friends. Tarrytown, NY: F.H. Revell Co., 1991. 192 pp. Designed to help veterans deal with post- traumatic stress after returning from the Gulf.

Hilsman, Roger. George Bush vs. Saddam Hussein: Military Success! Political Failure?. Novato, CA: Presidio, 1992. 273 pp. A State Department official during the Kennedy administration, Hilsman argues that the war "was a personal struggle between two men"; his account of the war is filled with errors.

Hiro, Dilip. Desert Shield to Desert Storm: The Second Gulf War. New York: Routledge, 1992. 591 pp. Good on diplomatic context, not so good on military matters.

Holden, David, and Richard Johns. The House of Saud: The Rise and Rule of the Most Powerful Dynasty in the Arab World. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1981. 569 pp.

Holliday, Mary Robin, et al. TLAM Performance During Operation Desert Storm: Assessment of Physical and Functional Damage to the TLAM Aimpoints: Volume I: Overview and Methodology. Alexandria, VA: Center for Naval Analyses, 1994. A report prepared by CIA and DIA analysts.

Horner, David. The Gulf Commitment the Australian Defence Force's First War. Melbourne University Press, 1992.

Hourani, Albert. A History of the Arab Peoples. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1991. 551 pp. The definitive general study of the Arab peoples.

Hutchison, Kevin Don. Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm: Chronology and Fact Book. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1995. 269 pp.

Jupa, Richard, and Jim Dingeman. Gulf Wars: How Iraq Won the First and Lost the Second. Will There Be a Third? Cambria, CA: 3W Publications, 1991. 96 pp. Fact-filled account with numerous charts and tables.

Karsh, Efraim, and Inari Rautsi. Saddam Hussein: A Political Biography. New York: The Free Press, 1991. 309 pp. Excellent study of Saddam's motivations, rise, and dictatorship.

Khalid Bin Sultan. Desert Warrior: A Personal View of the Gulf War by the Joint Forces Commander, with Patrick Seale. New York: Harper Collins, 1995. Written in response to General Schwarzkopf's autobiography.

al-Khalil, Samir. Republic of Fear: The Politics of Modern Iraq. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1989. 310 pp. Excellent study of the inner workings of Saddam Hussein's government.

Kinzey, Bert. The Fury of Desert Storm: The Air Campaign. Blue Ridge Summit, PA: Tab Books, 1991. 160 pp. An illustrated reference compilation of facts about U.S. aircraft, weapons, and munitions used in the Gulf War.

Kitfield, James. Prodigal Soldiers: How the Generation of Officers Born of Vietnam Revolutionized the Americanm Style of War. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1995. With interviews as his principal source, a journalist examines some of the strategic, social, and doctrinal developments in the services during the period between the Vietnam and Persian Gulf Wars, using the careers of select individuals as lenses for viewing the larger picture.

Lamb, David. The Arabs: Journeys Beyond the Mirage. New York: Random House, 1987. 333 pp. Good survey.

Langdon, Frank C., and Douglas A. Ross, eds. Superpower Maritime Strategy in the Pacific. London and New York: Routledge, 1990. This collection of essays provides a strategic overview from the perspectives of the United States, Soviet Union, and other Pacific powers.

Laur, Tim, et al., eds. Desert Score: U.S. Gulf War Weapons. Washington: Carroll Publishing Co. and United Communications Group-Periscope, 1991. 492 pp. Highly detailed catalog of U.S. ships, aircraft, combat vehicles and weapons used in the Gulf war, derived from the U.S. Naval Institute Military Database.

Lemarchand, Philippe, ed. Atlas of the Gulf. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1992. 270 pp.

Marolda, Edward J., and Robert J. Schneller. Shield and Sword: The U.S. Navy in the Persian Gulf War. Washington: Naval Historical Center, forthcoming. This is the first scholarly history focusing on naval forces in the Persian Gulf during and after the war; describes the political and military background of the war, the Navy's part in the evolution of Central Command, and the role of naval forces in Operations Desert Shield, Desert Storm, and Desert Sortie.

Matthews, James K., and Holt, Cora J. So Many, So Much, So Far, So Fast. Wahington D.C.: Research Center, United States Transportation Command and Joint History Office, Office of the Chairmen of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1996. 318pp. Includes four folded maps.

McClaughlin, Martin, ed. Desert Slaughter: The Imperialist War Against Iraq. Detroit, MI: Labor Publications, 1991. 450 pp.

McNaugher, Thomas. Arms & Oil: U.S. Military Strategy and the Persian Gulf. Washington: Brookings Institute, 1991. 226 pp.

McWilliams, Barry. This Ain't Hell--But You Can See It From Here! A Gulf War Sketchbook. Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1992. 250 pp. Cartoons and anecdotes from the war.

Meisner, Arnold. Desert Storm Sea Victory. Stillwater, MN: Motorbooks International, 1991. 128 pp. Heavily illustrated popular account of U.S. and allied naval participation in Desert Shield and Desert Storm.

Metz, Helen Chapin, ed. Iraq: A Country Study. Washington: Library of Congress, 1990. 302 pp. Area handbook covering Iraqi history, society, economy, government, national security, and other topics.

The Military Balance. London: Institute for Strategic Studies, 1991. 1 vol. Provides statistical summaries of the world's military forces.

Miller, Duncan E., and Sharon Hobson. The Persian Excursion: The Canadian Navy in the Gulf War. Toronto: The Canadian Institute of Strategic Studies, 1995. Operational history.

Mroczkowski, P. Dennis Lt. Col. U.S. Marines in the Persian Gulf, 1990-1991 With the 2D Marine Division in Desert Shield and Desert Storm. Wshington, D.C.: History and Museums Divisions Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, 1993.

Motter, T.H. Vail. The Persian Corridor and Aid To Russia. Washington: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army, 1952. This "Green Book" details the Army's operations in Iran during World War II.

Nakhjavani, Mehran. Iraq: What if Sanctions Fail!: The Practicalities and Probable Consequences of Enforcing International Sanctions Against Iraq. London: Economist Intelligence Unit, 1990. 46 pp. Discusses whether sanctions, particularly a naval blockade, would have forced Iraq from Kuwait.

Nye, Joseph S., Jr., and Roger K. Smith, eds. After the Storm: Lessons from the Gulf War. New York: Madison Books, 1992.

Pagonis, William G. Moving Mountains: Lessons in Leadership and Logistics from the Gulf War. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1992. 248 pp. Part logistics study, part autobiography, and part management primer, this book provides a very readable account of what is normally considered a dry topic.

Palmer, Michael. Guardians of the Gulf: A History of America's Expanding Role in the Persian Gulf, 1833-1992. New York: The Free Press, 1992. 328 pp. Diplomatic, military, and economic history of the United States'involvement in the Gulf, with a concise treatment of Desert Shield and Desert Storm.

_______. On Course to Desert Storm: The United States Navy and the Persian Gulf. Washington: Naval Historical Center, 1992. 201 pp. Why, how, and when the U.S. Navy became a presence in the Persian Gulf, covering the period 1833-1988.

Pelletiere, Stephen, Douglas Johnson, and Leif Rosenburger. Iraqi Power and U.S. Security in the Middle East. Carlisle Barracks, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 1990. Examines the implications for U.S. Middle East policy of Iraq's victory in its eight-year war with Iran.

The Persian Gulf Crisis: Power in the Post-Cold War World. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1993. 205 pp.

Pfaltzgraff, Robert L., and Richard H. Schultz. The Future of Air Power in the Aftermath of the Gulf War. Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air University Press, 1992.

Polmar, Norman. Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet, 14th ed. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1987. A standard reference source.

Potter, Michael C. Electronic Greyhounds: The Spruance-Class Destroyers. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1995. A history of the development of the Spruance, Kidd, and Ticonderoga classes of surface warships.

Powell, Colin. My American Journey. With Joseph E. Persico. New York: Random House, 1995. Candid autobiography.

Quilter II, J. Charles Col. U.S. Marines in the Persian Gulf, 1990-1991 with the I Marine Expeditionary Force in Desert Shield and Desert Storm. Washington, D.C.: History and Museum Division Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, 1993.

Rashid, Nasser Ibrahim. Saudi Arabia and the Gulf War. Joplin, MO: International Institute of Technology, 1992. 564 pp.

Record, Jeffrey. Hollow Victory: a Contrary View of the Gulf War. Washington: Brassey's (US), 1993. 186pp.

Salinger, Peter. Secret Dossier: The Hidden Agenda Behind the Gulf War. New York: Penguin Books, 1991. 241 pp. Originally published in French, this book details international arms sales and diplomacy leading to the war.

Sasson, Jean. The Rape of Kuwait. Beverly Hills, CA: Knightsbridge, 1991. 154 pp. Controversial, emotional account of Iraqi invasion and occupation based on interviews with Kuwaitis; allegedly funded by the Kuwaiti government.

Schneller, Robert J., Jr. Persian Gulf Turkey Shoot: The Destruction of Iraqi Naval Forces during Operation Desert Storm. Washington D.C.: Naval Historical Center, 1993.

Schubert, N. Frank, and Kraus, L. Theresa. The Whirlwind War the United States Army in Operations DESERT SHIELD and DESERT STORM. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History United States Army, 1995.

Schwarzkopf, H. Norman, Jr. It Doesn't Take a Hero, with Peter Petre. New York: Bantam Books, 1992. 530 pp. Candid, insightful, provocative, and well-written autobiography by Central Command's Commander-in-Chief.

Sciolino, Elaine. The Outlaw State: Saddam Hussein's Quest for Power and the Gulf Crisis. New York: Wiley, 1991. 320 pp. Diplomatic correspondent for the New York Times competently chronicles Saddam's rise to power, the Gulf War, and the war's aftermath.

Sifry, Micah, and Christopher Cerf, eds. The Gulf War Reader: History, Documents, Opinions. New York: Times Books, 1991. 526 pp. Collection of documents, articles, speeches, congressional testimony, and related material.

Silverstein, David. Special Operations Forces: Finishing the Job of Reconstruction. Washington: Heritage Foundation, 1991. 12 pp. "In light of its vital role in the Persian Gulf War, America's Special Operations Command should beef up its airlift and sealift capabilities and strengthen its emphasis on counterinsurgency warfare."

Smith, Hedrick. The Media and the Gulf War. Arlington, VA: Seven Locks Press, 1992. 128 pp.

Smith, Jean E. George Bush's War. New York: Henry Holt and Co., 1992. 556 pp. Highly critical of President Bush's direction of the war.

Smith, Perry M. How CNN Fought the War. New York: Birch Lane Press, 1991. 223 pp. CNN's military analyst describes the internal processes of war coverage.

Spick, Mike. An Illustrated Guide to Modern Fighter Combat. London: Salamander Books, 1987. Reference work describing selected fighter aircraft, weapons, and tactics from around the world.

Stillwell, Paul. Battleship Missouri: An Illustrated History. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1996. An excellent coffe table book.

Summers, Harry G. On Strategy II: A Critical Analysis of the Persian Gulf War. New York: Dell, 1992. 302 pp. Highly acclaimed account focuses on the post-Vietnam U.S. military renaissance.

Summmers, Harry G. Persian Gulf War Almanac. New York: Facts on File, 1995. 301 pp.

Swartz, Peter M., Jan S. Breemer, and James J. Tritten, comps. The Maritime Strategy Debates: A Guide to the Renaissance of U.S. Naval Thinking in the 1980s, rev. ed. Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. An excellent annotated bibliography of commentary on maritime strategic issues.

Timmerman, Kenneth. The Death Lobby: How the West Armed Iraq. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 1991. 443 pp. "The United States and its allies had no choice but to combat Saddam Hussein on the battlefield because of the greed of Western businesses, misguided analyses by the foreign policy establishment, and the incompetence of public officials."

Triumph Without Victory: The Unreported History of the Persian Gulf War, by the staff of U.S. News & World Report. New York: Times Books, 1992. 477 pp. Well-written instant history, base on more than 600 interviews. Good on nuts-and-bolts military aspects, but evidence does not support conclusion that coalition victory was not decisive.

United States, General Accounting Office. Desert Shield/Storm. Washington D.C.: The Office, 1993. 43 pp.

United States, General Accounting Office. Naval Air Operations: Interservice Cooperation needs Direction from top: Report to the Chairmen, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives. Washington D.C.: The Office, 1993. 37pp.

United States, General Accounting Office. Naval Aviation: the Navy is Taking Actions to Improve the Combat Capabilities of its Tactical Aircraft: Report to Congressional Requesters. Washington D.C.: The Office, 1993. 32pp.

Watson, Bruce, et al. Military Lessons of the Gulf War. London: Greenhill Books, 1991. 272 pp. Collection of 16 essays addresses diplomacy, naval and military operations, logistics, electronic warfare, terrorism, and other topics.

Whirlwind: The Official U.S. Army History of the Gulf War, by the U.S. Army Center of Military History. McLean, VA: Brassey's, 1993. 416 pp. Describes how the Army organized, trained, and equipped for battle, and how it fought the war.

Winnefeld, A. James, Niblack, Preston, and Johnson, J. Dana. A League of Airmen U.S. Air Power in the Gulf War. Santa Monica, CA: Rand, 1994.

Woodward, Bob. The Commanders. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1991. 398 pp. Examines the Bush administration and top U.S. military leadership during the 1989 invasion of Panama and the Gulf War. Woodward's "you are there" perspective places the reader in the inner sanctums of the Pentagon and the White House, but he expects the reader to believe that countless, normally close-mouthed top military officials revealed a great deal of information to him. No sources are cited.

Yant, Martin. Desert Mirage: The True Story of the Gulf War. Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books, 1991. 222 pp. Argues that the Bush administration deliberately deceived Americans into supporting the pursuit of power disguised as the pursuit of principle.

Yergin, Daniel. The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1991. 877 pp. The definitive general history of the geopolitics of oil.

ARTICLES
Adams, John A. "Sealift Is to Armor as Airlift Is to Airborne." Armor 51 (September/October 1992): 26-31.

Adelman, Kenneth. "The Significance of the Gulf War." World & I 6 (July 1991): 36-47.

Admire, John H. "The 3d Marines in Desert Shield." Marine Corps Gazette 75 (August 1991): 81-84. Part one of two parts.

_______. "The 3d Marines in Desert Storm." Marine Corps Gazette 75 (September 1991): 66-71. Part two of two.

Adolph, Robert B. "PSYOP: Gulf War Force Multiplier." Army 42 (December 1992): 16-22. Includes brief discussion of Marine Corps and Navy use of psychological operations against Iraq.

Ajami, Fouad. "Thief of Baghdad: A Passion Play." New Republic 203 (3 September 1990): 20-22. Saddam Hussein and Kuwait in the years before the 1990 invasion.

Albright, David, and Mark Hibbs. "Iraq and the Bomb: Were They Even Close?" Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 47 (March 1991): 16-25.

_______. "Hyping the Iraqi Bomb." Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 47 (March 1991): 26-28. How the media acted without adequate information about the threat of an Iraqi nuclear capability.

_______. "Iraq's Nuclear Hide-and-Seek." Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 47 (September 1991): 14-23. New information confirms Iraq's program to build a nuclear arsenal. Authors detail what Iraq was doing, technical limitations on its program, and shortfalls in U.S. reconnaissance.

Allen, Scott. "Soldiers at Sea (24th Infantry Division in Operation Desert Shield)." Soldiers 45 (November 1990): 18- 20.

"Allies Flying Over Iraq to Enforce U.N. Sanctions." Aviation Week & Space Technology 137 (31 August 1992): 26. Brief discussion of Operation Southern Watch.

al-Rumaihi, Muhammad. "Why Saddam Invaded Kuwait." Middle East International 387 (November 1990): 19-20.

Alves, Dora. "Gulf Crisis Rich in Maritime Lessons." Asia-

Pacific Defense Report 17 (November 1990): 13-14.

Amoss, W.J., Jr. "Desert Shield/Storm Ocean Shipping: Lykes Lines." Defense Transportation Journal 47 (June 1991): 69.

Anderson, Jennie. "Some Troops Won't Go." Progressive 55 (January 1991): 22-24. Conscientious objectors.

Antal, John. "The Sword of Saddam: An Overview of the Iraq Armed Forces." Armor 99 (November/December 1990): 8-12.

Armstrong, Charles L. "Early Observations on Desert Shield." Marine Corps Gazette 75 (January 1991): 34-36.

_______. "Surviving the Storm: Will We Learn the Right Lessons from the Gulf War?" Marine Corps Gazette 76 (March 1992): 40-41.

Armstrong, Douglas G. "The Gulf War's Patched-Together Air Intelligence." U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings 118 (November 1992): 109-111.

Arnett, Eric H. "Surgery with a Tomahawk." The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 46 (November 1990): 7, 47. Skeptical analysis of the accuracy and explosive power of sea- launched cruise missiles (SLCMs).

_______. "Awestruck Press Does Tomahawk PR." The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 47 (April 1991): 7-8. Success of SLCMs less than reported.

Arthur, Stanley R., and Marvin Pokrant. "Desert Storm at Sea." U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings 117 (May 1991): 82-87. Overview of Navy's role in Desert Storm by commander of Central Command's Navy component.

Atwal, Kay, George Alan, and Joel Bainerman. "In the Eye of the Storm." Defence 22 (July 1991): 17-24. Review of Gulf states' military involvement in the war and their rearmament policies.

Atwal, Kay, and Michael J. Gething. "Through Sea, Sand and Storm." Defence 22 (September 1991): 15-22. Naval helicopters performed "a comprehensive range of vital tasks throughout the whole duration of the conflict."

Avella, J.R. "It's the 'M' Word: Mobilization." U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings 117 (January 1991): 41-45. Discusses the complex process for involuntary recall of reservists; examines legal, political, and military aspects of mobilization.

Baker, Brent. "Desert Shield/Storm: The War of Words and Images." Naval War College Review 44 (Autumn 1991): 59-65. Impact of the media on the conduct of the war and its major U.S. players, by the Chief of Information, Navy Department.

_______. "Last One in the Pool