Function: 122mm towed howitzer.





Background:Introduced in 1963 as a replacement for the pre-WWII M-30 howitzer, the D-30 122mm howitzer is in service with more than 50 countries and variants are still in production in Russia.



The D-30 fires variable charge, semi-cased, multi-part ammunition. The D-30 is capable of firing a number of projectile types, including HE-fragmentation, illuminating, smoke, leaflet, flechette, and incendiary.



The D-30 is capable of firing a non-rotating, fin stabilized anti-tank HEAT round which gives the gun a limited anti-armor capability. A Rocket Assisted Projectile (RAP) has been fielded which would increase the gun's range from 15,300 meters to 21900 meters.



There are at least two chemical munitions available for the D-30. The Sarin projectile weighs 22.2 kg with 1.3 kg of Sarin agent. The Lewisite projectile weighs 23.1 kg with 3.3 kg of viscous Lewisite agent.



Description: The D-30 has a single axle with a unique three-trail carriage. When limbered for transport, the gun rests on the wheeled axle. Once set up, the gun is suspended on top of the three trail arms which give the gun a 360 degree traverse capability.



The gun's recoil mechanism is housed in an armored box on top of the barrel and there is a small armored shield fitted between the wheels that provides limited protection to the crew. Early versions of the gun were fitted with a multi-baffle muzzle break while later models have been fitted with a double baffle break.



The gun itself is semiautomatic, with a vertically-sliding, wedge-type breechblock. The D-30 can be towed by a truck (Ural-375 or ZIL-131) or armored tractor. It is towed muzzle-first by a large lunette just under the muzzle brake with its trails folded under the barrel.





General Characteristics, D-30 122mm Towed Howitzer





Length:

Limbered for travel

17.55 feet (5.4 meters)





Width:

6.12 feet (1.9 meters)





Height:

5.2 feet (1.6 meters)





Weight:

3.2 tons





Cruising Range:

450 kilometers





Towing Speed:

Maximum: 38mph (60kph)

Off-road: 16mph (25kph)



Emplacent time:

1.5 minutes

Displacement time:

3.5 minutes





Rates of Fire:

Maximum: 8 rounds per minute

Sustained: 4 rounds per minute





Maximum Range:

15 km with conventional projectiles.

22km with extended range RAP projectiles.





Introduction Date:

1963