James R. McClintock

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James R. McClintock, with Horace Lawson Hunley and Baxter Watson, built the submarine Pioneer at New Orleans in 1861 to defend the city against Federal forces. The three men later constructed two submarines at Mobile, Alabama, the second of which was named H.L. Hunley. This vessel was taken to Charleston, South Carolina, in August 1863. On 17 February 1864, after two fatal accidents, the refurbished H.L. Hunley became the first submarine to successfully attack an enemy warship when she sank USS Housatonic off Charleston.

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1780: Charleston, South Carolina falls to British forces.

1864: Close-range firing and hand-to-hand combat at Spotsylvania Court House, Virginia, result in one of the most brutal battles of the Civil War.

1864: Union General Benjamin Butler attacks Drewrys Bluff on the James River.

1865: The last land battle of the Civil war occurs at Palmito Ranch, Texas. It is a Confederate victory.

1885: In the Battle of Batoche, French Canadians rebel against the Canadian government.

1940: The Nazi conquest of France begins with the crossing Muese River.

1941: Adolf Hitler sends two bombers to Iraq to support Rashid Ali al-Gailani in his revolt against Britain, which is trying to enforce a previously agreed upon Anglo-Iraqi alliance.

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1943: Axis forces in North Africa surrender.

1949: The Berlin Blockade lifted.

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James R. McClintock

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