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Grumman XF4F-3 prototype

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The XF4F-3, prototype for what became the first F4F production version, was the XF4F-2 rebuilt to eliminate the many troubles that had cost it the 1937-38 competition to become the Navy's first monoplane fighter. Since the basic Grumman design seemed promising, in October 1938 the Navy gave the company a contract to build a modified version. Using the XF4F-2's Bureau of Aeronautics serial number (Bureau # 0383) and much of its structure, the "new" plane had squared-off wings and tail and a different model of the Pratt & Whitney R-1830 engine.

Completed in February 1939, the XF4F-3 demonstrated improved performance and significantly better reliability. Impressed, the Navy ordered 54 F4F-3 production variants in August 1939. As is almost always the case with prototype trials, XF4F-3 flight tests generated a number of design changes that were applied to the service F4F-3 airplanes, the most visible of which was a larger vertical tail and higher location for the tailplane.

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